Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

INCMNSZ > Bioestadistica > Flashcards

Bioestadistica Flashcards

(45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Name of ratio that compares two absolute risks

ACP september 2019

A

Relative risk (accept risk ratio)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

NNT if the absolute risk reduction is 10%

ACP september 2019

A

10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A graphical technique to assess the possibility of publication bias in a systematic review

ACP september 2019

A

Funnel plot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Type of screening bias associated with overrepresentation of indolent disease in the screen-detected cohort

ACP september 2019

A

Length bias (accept length-time bias)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

One word definition for the probability that an event will occur divided by the probability that it will not occur

ACP september 2019

A

Odds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Statistical term for estimation of the probability of disease before testing

ACP August 2021

A

Pretest probability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The inverse of this measure is used to calculate the number needed to treat (NNT)

ACP August 2021

A

Absolute risk reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A negative likelihood ratio of 0.2 decreases the probability of disease by approximately this amount

ACP August 2021

A

30% (accept 0.30)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Arithmetic operation used to combine 2 likelihood ratios of 2 independent findings for a disease

ACP August 2021

A

Multiply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Case-control study variant that uses a specified number of control patients for analysis of each case

ACP August 2021

A

Nested case-control study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Number of persons with a disease over the entire population

ACP September 2021

A

Prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The meaning of the mnemonic SPin

ACP September 2021

A

Specificity rules in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A positive likelihood ratio of 10 increases the probability of disease by approximately his amount

ACP September 2021

A

45% (accept 0.45)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Direction of change of the positive predictive value when disease prevalence increases

ACP September 2021

A

Increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tool that can visualize the best cut-off point of a test to maximize sensitivity and specificity

ACP September 2021

A

Receiver operating characteristic curve (accecpt ROC curve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Statistical term describing how close two or more repeated measurements are to each other

ACP May 2024

A

Precision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Measure of disease burden expressed as the number of years lost to ill-health, functional impairment, and premature death

ACP May 2024

A

Disability adjusted life years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A positive likelihood ratio of 2 increases the probability of disease by approximately his amount

ACP May 2024

A

15%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Study structure used to answer two or more separate research questions in a single cohort of participants

ACP May 2024

Study These Flashcards
A

Factorial design (accept multi factorial design)

20
Q

The proportion of the incidence of a disease in a population due to exposure that would be eliminated with removal of the exposure

ACP May 2024

Study These Flashcards
A

Population attributable risk (accept attributable risk; population attributable fraction)

21
Q

Statistical term describing the closeness of measurements to a specific value

ACP March 2024

22
Q

Usual effect of increasing sample size on width of the confidence interval

ACP March 2024

Study These Flashcards
A

Narrowing (accept decreasing)

23
Q

A negative likelihood ratio of 0.5 decreases the probability of disease by approximately this amount

ACP March 2024

24
Q

Statistical methods used when data is not normally distributed

ACP March 2024

Study These Flashcards
A

Non-parametric statistics

25
Eponymous term for a form of selection bias that causes hospital cases and controls to be systematically different from one another ## Footnote ACP March 2024
Berkson bias (accept Berkson paradox)
26
Word referring to the ability of a study to detect a true difference between two treatment groups ## Footnote ACP May 2020
Power
27
Likelihood ratios may be calculated using these two diagnostic test characteristics ## Footnote ACP May 2020
Sensitivity and specificity
28
Name associated with the formula 1/(absolute risk reduction) ## Footnote ACP May 2020
Number needed to treat (accept NNT)
29
Name of this statistical formula for calculating conditional probability | Falta imagen ## Footnote ACP May 2020
Bayes' Theorem (accept Bayes' Law, Bayes' Rule, Bayesian Analysis)
30
Tool used to compare the operating characteristics of two or more tests ## Footnote ACP May 2020
ROC curve (accept receiver operating characteristic curve)
31
The estimated probability that a study's results are true when α = .05 ## Footnote ACP July 2020
.95 (accept 95%)
32
Term for number of new cases of disease divided by the population ## Footnote ACP July 2020
Incidence
33
Type of bias due to early detection of disease without change in eventual mortality ## Footnote ACP July 2020
Lead-time bias
34
Name of error associated with rejecting the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is true ## Footnote ACP July 2020
Type I error (accept α [alpha] error)
35
Name of this nomogram used to interpret likelihood ratios | Falta imagen ## Footnote ACP July 20202
Fagan nomogram
36
Measure of association between exposure and outcome ## Footnote ACP January 2018
Odds ratio
37
Name for the estimate of precision about a mean ## Footnote ACP January 2018
Confidence interval
38
Positive likelihood ratio of 2 increases the probability of disease by this percentage ## Footnote ACP January 2018
15%
39
Reciprocal of this number is used to calculate the number needed to treat (NNT) ## Footnote ACP January 2018
Absolute rate (risk) reduction
40
Category of variable that can be quantified using an infinite arithmetic scale of values ## Footnote ACP January 2018
Continuous variable
41
Type of bias resulting from the study population not reflecting the intended target population ## Footnote ACP February 2023
Selection bias
42
Term for concealment of group allocation from individuals involved in a clinical research study ## Footnote ACP February 2023
Blinding
43
A positive likelihood ratio of 5 increases the probability of disease by approximately this amount ## Footnote ACP February 2023
30%
44
Type of bias that overestimates survival due to detection of an excess of slowly progressing cases of the disease ## Footnote ACP February 2023
Length time bias (do not accept lead time bias)
45
Score used to reduce selection bias by enabling balancing of participant characteristics between observed treatment and control groups ## Footnote ACP February 2023
Propensity score

INCMNSZ (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions