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INCMNSZ > Endocrinología > Flashcards

Endocrinología Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

Menstrual cycle phase in which progesterone levels peak

ACP October 2024

A

Luteal phase

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2
Q

Season in which patients with myxedema coma are most likely to present

ACP October 2024

A

Winter

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3
Q

Effect of aging on testosterone binding to sex-hormone binding globulin

ACP October 2024

A

Increase

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4
Q

Cause of chronic hypovolemic hyponatremia and hyperkalemia with hyperpigmentation

ACP October 2024

A

Primary adrenal insufficiency (accept Addison disease)

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5
Q

Eponym for syndrome resulting from hemorrhagic adrenal gland failure associated with severe bacterial infection

ACP October 2024

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

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6
Q

Common pituitary side effect of antipsychotic drugs

ACP may 2019

A

Hyperprolactinemia (accept galactorrhea)

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7
Q

Percentage range of LDL cholesterol reduction associated with medium-intensity statin therapy

ACP may 2019

A

30% to 50%

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8
Q

The time period in years following menopause in which the benefits of hormone replacement therapy are likely to exceed risks

ACP may 2019

A

10 years

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9
Q

In addition to bone density measurement, the two most important patient-related risk factors for osteoporosis fracture

ACP may 2019

A

Age and previous fracture

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10
Q

Two additional treatments for high-risk thyroid cancer following resection

ACP may 2019

A

Radioactive iodine and levothyroxine suppression therapy (accept thyroid suppression therapy)

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11
Q

Physical examination finding that differentiates primary from secondary adrenal insufficiency

ACP August 2019

A

Increased pigmentation

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12
Q

Minimum duration of albuminuria needed to diagnose diabetic nephropathy

ACP august 2019

A

3 months

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13
Q

Major metabolic complication of selective inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporters

ACP august 2019

A

Ketoacidosis

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14
Q

Diagnosis accounting for hypothyroidism, rapidly enlarging goiter, weight loss, and night sweats in elderly female

ACP august 2019

A

Primary thyroid lymphoma

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15
Q

The Delphian lymph node drains this structure

ACP august 2019

A

Thyroid gland

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16
Q

Hemoglobin A1c level that corresponds to average glucose level of 154 mg/dL

ACP November 2016

A

7%

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17
Q

Age criterion for parathyroidectomy for asymptomatic patients with primary hyperparathyroidism

ACP November 2016

A

Age < 50 years

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18
Q

The single best blood test for making the diagnosis of acromegaly

ACP November 2016

A

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (accept IGF-1)

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19
Q

Cause of thyrotoxicosis and low thyroglobulin level

ACP November 2016

A

Ingestion of excess thyroid hormone (accept factitious hyperthyroidism)

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20
Q

Psychiatric drug that increases set point at which calcium suppresses PTH

ACP November 2016

A

Lithium

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21
Q

Test to distinguish exogenous from endogenous hyperinsulinemia

ACP March 2021

A

Plasma C-peptide

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22
Q

Initial drug therapy for pituitary apoplexy

ACP March 2021

A

Hydrocortisone (accept steroids)

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23
Q

Syndrome resulting from nondisjunction of the X chromosomes of either parent during meiotic division

ACP March 2021

A

Klinefelter’s syndrome

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24
Q

Syndrome characterized by the combination of autoimmune adrenal insufficiency with other autoimmune endocrine disorders

ACP March 2021

A

Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type 2 (accept polyglandular autoimmune syndrome)

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25
Most likely mechanism of disabling hypoglycemia after gastric bypass surgery ## Footnote ACP March 2021
Beta islet hypertrophy (accept beta cell hypertrophy and pancreatic nesidioblastosis)
26
ADA recommends this as the first line therapy for pre-diabetes ## Footnote ACP january 2020
Lifestyle modification (accept exercise and weight loss)
27
Most common condition that decreases testosterone binding to sex-hormone binding globulin ## Footnote ACP january 2020
Obesity
28
Endocrine Society recommends treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism when TSH is above this level ## Footnote ACP january 2020
10 mU/L (accept 10)
29
Preferred treatment of Graves disease during first trimester of pregnancy ## Footnote ACP january 2020
Propylthiouracil
30
Effect of human choriogonadotropin on T4, T3, and TSH ## Footnote ACP january 2020
Increases T4 and T3, decreases TSH
31
Most common cause of hypoparathyroidism ## Footnote ACP June 2021
Surgical destruction (accept surgical injury)
32
Size definition of pituitary macroadenoma ## Footnote ACP June 2021
Greater than or equal to 1 cm
33
Breathing disorder worsened by testosterone replacment therapy ## Footnote ACP June 2021
Obstructive sleep apnea (accept sleep apnea)
34
Adrenal incidentaloma threshold size suspicious for malignancy ## Footnote ACP June 2021
> 4 cm
35
Cause of falsely low serum thyroglobulin measurements ## Footnote ACP June 2021
Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies
36
First two tests to evaluate secondary amenorrhea after excluding pregnancy ## Footnote ACP October 2017
FSH and prolactin
37
Precise time of day for testosterone measurement in evaluation of hypogonadism ## Footnote ACP October 2017
At 8:00 AM
38
Specific diagnostic antibody associated with Graves disease ## Footnote ACP October 2017
Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody
39
All normotensive patients with adrenal incidentaloma are screened for these 2 endocrine disorders ## Footnote ACP October 2017
Pheochromocytoma and Cushing syndrome
40
Diagnosis for bone fragility and dentinogenesis imperfecta ## Footnote ACP October 2017
Osteogenesis imperfecta
41
Type of endocrine signaling in which a cell secretes a hormone that binds to receptors on the same cell ## Footnote ACP February 2024
Autocrine
42
Condition for which the Ferriman-Gallwey scale is used to assess severity ## Footnote ACP February 2024
Hirsutism (accept abnormal hair growth)
43
Indicated laboratory test in thyrotoxicosis with suppressed TSH and normal T4 level ## Footnote ACP February 2024
Triiodothyronine (accept T3 or Free T3)
44
Infectious complication of the external genitalia and perineum associated with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors ## Footnote ACP February 2024
Necrotizing fasciitis (accept Fournier gangrene)
45
Most common cause of endogenous Cushing syndrome ## Footnote ACP December 2023
ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor (accept Cushing disease)
46
Two skin findings associated with Addison Disease ## Footnote ACP December 2023
Hyperpigmention and vitiligo
47
Monoclonal antibody that inhibits osteoclast formation ## Footnote ACP December 2023
Denosumab
48
Classic bone disorder associated with severe and prolonged hyperparathyroidism ## Footnote ACP December 2023
Osteitis fibrosa cystica (accept osteitis fibrosa; osteodystophia fibrosa; von Recklinghousen disease of bone; brown tumors)
49
Eponymous name for hyperthyroidism resulting from the administration of iodine or iodide in patients with iodine deficiency ## Footnote ACP December 2023
Jod-Basedow effect (accept Jod-Basedow phenomenon or Jod-Basedow syndrome)
50
Condition describing decreased function of the testes ## Footnote ACP April 2020
Hypogonadism
51
Hypoglycemic condition treated with 'permissive hyperglycemia' ## Footnote ACP April 2020
Hypoglycemic unawareness
52
Isthmus of thyroid gland is inferior to this cartilage ## Footnote ACP April 2020
Cricoid cartilage
53
Most common type of clinically nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma ## Footnote ACP April 2020
Gonadotroph adenomas
54
Initial laboratory test used to diagnose acromegaly ## Footnote ACP April 2020
Insulin-like Growth factor-1 (accept IGF-1)
55
Most common cause of oral vitamin D 'resistance' ## Footnote ACP December 2020
Vitamin D malabsorption
56
A disorder caused by loss of an X chromosome ## Footnote ACP December 2020
Turner syndrome
57
Most common cause of thyrotoxicosis, low radioactive iodine uptake, and low thyroglobulin level ## Footnote ACP December 2020
Excess ingestion of thyroid (accept surreptitious ingestion)
58
Most common form of monogenic diabetes ## Footnote ACP December 2020
Maturity onset diabetes of the young (accept MODY)
59
Syndrome characterized by endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia that is not caused by an insulinoma ## Footnote ACP December 2020
Noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia (accept nesidioblastosis)
60
Endocrine disorder associated with macrognathia ## Footnote ACP April 2018
Acromegaly
61
Next test for primary amenorrhea associated with normal pelvic ultrasound and elevated FSH ## Footnote ACP April 2018
Karyotype analysis
62
Autoimmune skin condition associated with autoimmune adrenalitis ## Footnote ACP April 2018
Vitiligo
63
Adult bone disease associated with increased circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) ## Footnote ACP April 2018
Osteomalacia
64
Two iodine solutions used to treat thyroid storm ## Footnote ACP April 2018
SSKI and Lugol's solution
65
Eye finding associated with osteogenesis imperfecta ## Footnote ACP July 2018
Blue sclera
66
Diagnostic test to rule out familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ## Footnote ACP July 2018
24-hour urine calcium excretion (accept Ca/Cr clearance ratio)
67
High-intensity statin not recommended by the FDA ## Footnote ACP July 2018
Simvastatin
68
The most frequent hormonal syndrome associated with adrenal incidentaloma ## Footnote ACP July 2018
Subclinical Cushing syndrome (accept Cushing syndrome)
69
Suppression test in patient with elevated aldosterone to plasma renin activity ratio ## Footnote ACP July 2018
Oral sodium loading or saline infusion test (accept sodium loading)
70
Malignant tumor associated with Paget disease of bone ## Footnote ACP November 2018
Osteosarcoma
71
Substance used in growth hormone suppression test for suspected acromegaly ## Footnote ACP November 2018
Glucose
72
Recommended strategy if two different tests to diagnose diabetes are discordant ## Footnote ACP November 2018
Repeat abnormal test
73
Plasma insulin, C-peptide, and proinsulin values are elevated in this disease ## Footnote ACP November 2018
Insulinoma and insulin autoimmune hypoglycemia (either)
74
Age criterion for parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism ## Footnote ACP November 2018
< 50 years
75
Most common clinical feature of Graves disease ## Footnote ACP June 2022
Hyperthyroidism
76
Pituitary hormone often with elevated baseline levels in polycystic ovary syndrome ## Footnote ACP June 2022
Luteinizing hormone (accept LH)
77
Syndrome defined by medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, and primary hyperparathyroidism ## Footnote ACP June 2022
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A)
78
Imaging study to detect extent and location of Paget disease of bone ## Footnote ACP June 2022
Bone scintigraphy (accept radionuclide bone scan)
79
Preferred diagnostic test for patients with elevated PTH and serum calcium but very low urinary calcium excretion ## Footnote ACP June 2022
Calcium/creatinine clearance ratio (accept fractional excretion of calcium - for diagnosis of familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH))
80
Most common cause of primary hyperaldosteronism ## Footnote ACP July 2023
Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (do not accept adrenal hyperplasia; must be bilateral
81
Type of bone most affected by imbalanced remodeling in osteoporosis ## Footnote ACP July 2023
Cancellous (accept trabecular or spongy)
82
Term for low thyroid function parameters in those with significant non-thyroidal illness ## Footnote ACP July 2023
Euthyroid sick syndrome (accept non-thyroidal illness syndrome)
83
Hypercalcemic disorder due to parathyroid hyperplasia following prolonged parathyroid stimulation ## Footnote ACP July 2023
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
84
Class of type 2 diabetes medication associated with euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis ## Footnote ACP July 2023
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors
85
Most common cause of hyperthyroidism ## Footnote ACP July 2022
Graves disease
86
Statin therapy increases the risk of this metabolic disease ## Footnote ACP July 2022
Diabetes
87
Recommended routine monitoring for complications of testosterone therapy ## Footnote ACP July 2022
Hematocrit and PSA (either)
88
Bone disease associated with opalescent teeth that wear quickly ## Footnote ACP July 2022
Osteogenesis imperfecta
89
Treatment target for urine calcium levels in patients with postsurgical hypoparathyroidism ## Footnote ACP July 2022
Urine calcium less than 300 mg/24 hours

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