BIOL Lab 10: Respiratory System Flashcards
(17 cards)
Nares
External openings of the nasal passageway.
Nasopharynx
Region of the nasal passageway above the soft palate.
Epiglottis
Cartilaginous flap that covers glottis to keep food out of larynx and trachea.
Glottis
Opening in oral cavity that leads from nasopharynx to larynx and trachea.
Larynx
Enlarged, oval-shaped region cranial to trachea that contains vocal cords.
Trachea
Cartilaginous tube extending from the larynx to lungs thru which air is transported.
R and L Lung
Produces bile.
Diaphragm
Muscular sheet under the lungs.
Pathway of Airflow
Nares –> Nasopharynx –> Glottis –> Larynx –> Trachea –> Bronchi –> Bronchiole –> Alveoli
Tidal Volume
The volume of air that passes into and out of the lungs during normal restful breathing.
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
The “extra” air that can be forcefully inhaled after normal inhalation.
Expiratory Reserve Volume
The “extra” air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation.
Residual Volume
Amount of air remaining in the lung that cannot be forcefully expelled.
Ciliated Respiratory Epithelium
Ciliated epithelial cells line the inside of the respiratory tract. Paired with cells that produce mucus, these ciliated cells move trapped particles (which may interfere with gas exchange) away from the lung tissue and back towards the throat.
Emphysema
A long term, progressive disease of the lungs in which the tissues necessary to support the physical shape and function of the lungs is destroyed.
Negative Pressure Breathing
Human inhalation is based on negative pressure. When thediaphragm contracts it lowers which causes the pressureinside of the lungs to fall below atmospheric pressure. Since gas tends to travel from areas of high pressure to areas of lower pressure, it causes the surrounding air to enter the lungs (i.e. air is “pulled” into the lungs). When the diaphragm relaxes, pressure inside the lungs increases, pushing air back out.
Trachea Rings
Made of chrondocytes.