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TFN > Biolab finals > Flashcards

Biolab finals Flashcards

1
Q

Are proteins that catalyze or accelerate chemical reactions.

A

Enzyme

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2
Q

The molecules at the beginning of the process of acceleration and catalyzing, these are called?

A

Substrates

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3
Q

It is when the enzyme converts them into different molecules

A

The products

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4
Q

Enzymes can be (?) and (?) with salts, solvents and other reagents

A

Denatured and precipitated

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5
Q

Enzymes can be Denatured and precipitated with (?), (?) and (?)

A

salts, solvents and other reagents

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6
Q

(?) can be Denatured and precipitated with salts, solvents and other reagents

A

Enzymes

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7
Q

Enzymes have molecular weights ranging from (?) to (?)

A

10,000 to 2,000,000

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8
Q

Many enzymes require the presence of other compounds - cofactors - before their catalytic activity can me exerted. this entire active complex is referred to as the (?)

A

holoenzyme

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9
Q

Many enzymes require the presence of other (?) - (?) - before their catalytic activity can me exerted. this entire active complex is referred to as the holoenzyme

A

compounds - cofactors

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10
Q

Apoenzyme + cofactor = ?

A

Holoenzyme

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11
Q

(?) + (?) = Holoenzyme

A

Apoenzyme + cofactor

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12
Q

A non-protein organic substance which is dialyzable, thermostable and loosely attached to the protein part

A

Coenzyme

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13
Q

An organic substance which is dialyzable and thermostable which is firmly attached to the protein or apoenzyme portion

A

Prosthetic group

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14
Q

The enzyme will catalyze only one reaction

A

Absolute specificity

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15
Q

The enzyme will act only on molecules that have specific functional groups, such as amino, phosphate and methyl groups.

A

Group Specificity

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16
Q

The enzyme will act on a particular type of chemical bond regardless of the rest of the molecular structure

A

Linkage specificity

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17
Q

The enzyme will act on a particular steric or optical isomer

A

Steriochemical specificity

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18
Q

Are polymers of high molecular weight with nucleotides as the repeating unit.

A

Nucleic acids

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19
Q

Are mostly conjugated with proteins to form nucleoproteins

A

Nucleic acids

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20
Q

Nucleic acids are mostly (?) with proteins to form nucleoproteins

A

conjugated

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21
Q

Nucleic acids are mostly conjugated with proteins to form (?)

A

nucleoproteins

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22
Q

In most living organisms (exept for viruses), genetic information is stored in the molecule (?)

A

deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA

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23
Q

Is made and resides in the nucleus of living cells

A

DNA

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24
Q

DNA Is made and resides in the (?) of living cells

A

nucleus

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25
Q

Four different nucleotide bases occur in the DNA:

A

Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G), Thymine (T).

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26
Q

It gets it’s name from the sugar group in the molecule’s backbone ribose

A

RNA

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27
Q

Has a sugar phosphate backbone with nucleotide bases attached to it.

A

RNA

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28
Q

Like DNA, RNA contains the bases (?), (?) and (?)

A

Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)

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29
Q

RNA does not contain?

A

Thymine (T).

30
Q

RNA does not contain Thymine (T), but instead, RNA’s fourth nucleotide is the base (?)

A

Uracil (U)

31
Q

RNA is a (?) stranded molecule

A

Single stranded molecule

32
Q

DNA is a (?) Stranded Molecule

A

Double stranded

33
Q

RNA is the main genetic material used in the organisms called (?)

A

Viruses

34
Q

(?) is the main genetic material used in the organisms called viruses

A

RNA

35
Q

RNA can move around the cells of living organisms and thus serves as a sort of (?)

A

Genetic messenger

36
Q

DNA was first prepared from (?) and (?)

A

thymus or muscle tissues

37
Q

(?) was first prepared from thymus or muscle tissues

A

DNA

38
Q

RNA was first isolated from (?)

A

yeast

39
Q

(?) was first isolated from yeast

A

RNA

40
Q

what is the color formed in the test for nucleoproteins?

A

Purple color

41
Q

In the test for nucleoproteins, what and how many drops were administered?

A

5-10 drops of 1% CuSO4 (Copper Sulfate)

42
Q

What color was formed in the isolation of RNA from yeast

A

Brownish solution

43
Q

What is the heat required in the isolation of RNA from yeast and for how long?

A

heat for 90 degrees celsius for 30 minutes

44
Q

What color was formed in the Test for presence of phosphates

A

Yellow color

45
Q

what percentage and amount of sulfuric acid was administered to remaining filtrate? (Test for phosphates)

A

20ml of 10% H2SO4 (Sulfuric Acid) to remaining filtrate

46
Q

1 ml of acid hydrolysis + bial orcinol’s reagent

A

Yellow color

47
Q

1 ml of 0.1% ribose solution + bial orcinol’s reagent

A

Blue-green color

48
Q

0.1% glucose solution + bial orcinol’s reagent

A

Yellow brown color

49
Q

What color was formed in the test for presence of purines

A

White color

50
Q

In the test for presence of purines, how many ml and percentage of ammonium hydroxide were administered

A

3 ml of 10% NH4OH (ammonium hydroxide)

51
Q

color formed in the BIURET TEST

A

Violet color

52
Q

TEST FOR CATALASE ACTIVITY how many ml of extract?

A

5 ml of extract

53
Q

Color formed in the TEST FOR CATALASE ACTIVITY

A

Blue to green coloration

54
Q

TEST FOR SPECIFICITY OF ENZYME ACTION

A
55
Q

In the TEST FOR SPECIFICITY OF ENZYME ACTION, test tube 1. Yellowish to orange hue (indicates that the starch had already been metabolized)

A

(indicates that the starch had already been metabolized)

56
Q

In the TEST FOR SPECIFICITY OF ENZYME ACTION, test tube 2. For the first five minutes, it has an extreme starch that contains a (?)

A

bluish black

57
Q

Urine will containe (?) and other excess (?) from your body

A

Acetone, ketones

58
Q

Acetone bodies: 5% ammonium sulfate solution + 5% sodium nitroprusside solution + Conc. Ammonium hydroxide. What color was formed after adding the NH4OH, and what is in the middle?

A

It turned yellow after adding NH4OH and the middle is a red color which shows presence of ketone

59
Q

Acetone bodies:
What does the color red mean?

A

shows the presence of ketone

59
Q

In the urine Benedict’s reagent, what color did the urine change into from yellow?

A

It changed to green or greenish-yellow color

60
Q

In creatinine, what color did the urine change into from yellow?

A

It changed into orange-red

61
Q

What was the result/color in the test for pathological constituents?

A

Blue solution

62
Q

In the test for normal constituents, what color was formed?

A

Light blue

63
Q

In the test for normal constituents, how many ml and percentage of sodium carbonate solution was administered?

A

2ml of 10% sodium carbonate solution

64
Q

Characteristics of normal urine: The quantity averages to?

A

The quantity averages to 1500 to 2000ml in an adult man daily

65
Q

Characteristics of normal urine: The specific gravity is?

A

The specific gravity is 1.010 to 1.025

66
Q

Characteristics of normal urine: The odor is?

A

The odor is slightly aromantic

67
Q

The reaction of normal urine is slightly acidic with an average of?

A

pH of 6.0

68
Q

A liquid or product by our body that is secreted by our kidneys and then excretyed through the urethra.

A

Urine

69
Q

The specific gravity of water is?

A

1000

TFN (31 decks)

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