biological explanations Flashcards

(12 cards)

1
Q

historical approach

A

lombroso- produced a ‘scientific’ theory of the atavistic form in 1876

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2
Q

atavistic form

A

criminals genetically are more at a primitive stage in evolution than non criminals so are ‘throwbacks,’ criminality is innate

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3
Q

examples of physical differences

A

asymmetrical face
heavy brow
big ears
large jaws
long arms
fleshy lips

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4
Q

thieves difference

A

upturned nose

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5
Q

murder dif

A

hooked beak nose

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6
Q

positivist school of criminology

A

argues that criminal behaviour has distinct characteristics and careful measurement of criminals reveal the courses
lombroso made biological measurements of 4,000+ criminals

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7
Q

historical positive

A

conducted with careful measurements paving the way for more scientific approaches

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8
Q

historical negative

A

goring- 3,000 crim v non and no physical dif

racism

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9
Q

genetics

A

genetic-inherited genotypes make display of criminal behaviour (phenotype) more likely
gene candidate- MAOA gene linked to high levels of crim behaviour
diathesis stress

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10
Q

neural

A

bio processes and neural structures in brain lead to criminality
neurotransmitters- imbalance linked to offendendinf. noradrenaline- aggression, serotonin- impulsivity
neurological structures- low limbic system no empathy, undervalued frontal cortex- poor impulse control

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11
Q

positive of genetic and neural

A

rhee- 51 twin adoption studies. genetics 40% of variance in anti social behaviour

raine- volume of frontal lobe in people with ape and 11% reduction in prefrontal grey mayter

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12
Q

negative of g&n

A

biologically deterministic
socially sensitive
reductionist

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