Biological Molecules - 3.1.2.2 Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides to Polysaccharides Flashcards
(39 cards)
Name a structural polysaccharide
Cellulose (plant cell walls)
What happens during hydrolysis
A water molecule is taken in to break down a chain of molecules.
When many monosaccharides join together, they form a…
polysaccharide
Polysaccharides are large. This means that they are…
insoluble (will not dissolve)
Which elements make up carbohydrates?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
When 2 monosaccharides join together, they form a…
disaccharide
What happens during a condensation reaction?
A water molecule is released from the reacting molecules
How many covalent bonds does carbon make?
4
Which type of reaction takes place when two monosaccharides join together?
Condensation Reaction
A 4 carbon sugar is called a…
tetrose
Name the bond that forms between two monosaccharides
Glycosidic bond
An individual biological molecule is called a…
monomer
Which type of reaction takes place when a disaccharide or polysaccharide is broken down?
Hydrolysis
Name 3 common disaccharides
Maltose (glucose + glucose)
Sucrose (glucose + fructose)
Lactose (glucose + galactose)
What is an isomer?
Molecules that have the same chemical formula but whose molecules are arranged differently.
Long chains of repeating molecules are called…
polymers
A 6 carbon sugar is called a…
hexose
Glucose + Fructose –> _________
Glucose + Fructose –> Sucrose
A 3 carbon sugar is called a…
triose
The general chemical formula of a monosaccharide is…
(CH2O)n where n is the number of carbon atoms.
Glucose + Glucose –> _________
Glucose + Glucose –> Maltose
A 7 carbon sugar is called a…
heptose
A 5 carbon sugar is called a…
pentose
A molecule containing carbon is called an…
organic molecule
