Biological Molecules

Question 1

What are the 4 biological molecules?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids

Question 2

What is a monomer?

Answer 2

A monomer is a single unit molecule like glucose, or an amino acid.

Question 3

What is a polymer?

Answer 3

A polymer is made up of repeating units of the same monomer.

Question 4

Definition of condensation reaction?

Answer 4

A condensation reaction is making polymers from monomers with the production of water.

Question 5

Definition of hydrolysis?

Answer 5

Hydrolysis is the breaking up of polymers using water.

Question 6

What is the ratio of carbohydrates?

Answer 6

1:2:1

Question 7

What are monosaccharides, and give 3 main examples?

Answer 7

Monosaccharides are single sugars.

examples are Triose, 3-carbon atoms, Pentose, 5-carbon atoms, and hexose, 6-carbon atoms.

Question 8

What are disaccharides?

Answer 8

Disaccharides are double sugars.

Question 9

Where are both mono and disaccharides used for?

Answer 9

They are used for metabolism, as they lower the water potential and cause osmosis to happen.

Question 10

What are polysaccharides?

Answer 10

They are many sugars stranded together, like starch, cellulose or glycogen.

Question 11

What does alpha glucose look like?

Answer 11

H      \_\_\_\_\_O     H
  \    /              \   /
    \ /                \ /
    / \                / \ 
  /     \\_\_\_\_\_ /     \
HO                       OH

Question 12

What does beta glucose look like?

Answer 12

H      \_\_\_\_\_O     OH
  \    /              \   /
    \ /                \ /
    / \                / \ 
  /     \\_\_\_\_\_ /     \
HO                       H

Question 13

What is fructose?

Answer 13

It is a hexose monosaccharide, with C6H12O6