Biological Molecules: Enzymes: Basics (Ms.D) Flashcards
What is meant by the term ACTIVATION ENERGY?
The AMOUNT of ENERGY REQUIRED to bring about a REACTION
What is the ACTIVE SITE?
A group of AMINO ACIDS that makes up the region of an ENZYME into which the SUBSTRATES FITS to CATALYSE a reaction
What is a COMPETITIVE INHIBITOR?
A form of INHIBITOR which binds onto the ACTIVE SITE of the ENZYME preventing binding of SUBSTRATE
What is meant by the term COMPLEMENTARY?
The SHAPE of an ACTIVE SITE can ACCOMODATE the shape of the SUBSTRATE and allows an ES-COMPLEC to be formed, IF they are comp.
What is an ENZYME?
A PROTEIN that acts as a CATLYST and so LOWERS the ACTIVATION ENERGY needed for a reaction
What is an ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX?
The INTERMEDIATE formed when a SUBSTRATE MOLECULE interacts with the ACTIVE SITE of an ENZYME
What is an INHIBITOR?
A SUBSTANCE which reduces the activity of an ENZYME
What is meant by the term METABOLISM?
All the CHEMICAL PROCESSES that take place in ALL living organisms
What is a NON-COMPETITIVE INHIBITOR?
A form of INHIBITOR which DOES NOT BIND at the AS of the ENZYME which PREVENTS the BINDING of SUBSTRATE
What is meant by the term RATE OF REACTION?
-The speed of a CHEMICAL REACTION
-Can be worked out by looking at the DECREASE in CONCENTRATION of a REACTANT over time or INCREASE of CONCENTRATION of a PRODUCT
What does SPECIFIC mean in the context of ENZYMES?
Describes how each ENZYME only CATALYSES a CERTAIN REACTION
What is a SUBSTRATE?
-A SUBSTANCE that is acted on or used buy ANOTHER SUBSTANCE or PROCESS.
-Fits into the AS of an ENZYME
