Biology

Question 1

Nature

Answer 1

Genetic and biological factors influencing development.

Question 2

Nurture

Answer 2

Environmental factors influencing development.

Question 3

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer 3

Explores how natural selection influences behavior and mental processes.

Question 4

Natural Selection

Answer 4

Process where traits that enhance survival are passed on

Question 5

Eugenics

Answer 5

The controversial practice of improving genetic quality by selective breeding

Question 6

Genetic Predisposition

Answer 6

Increased likelihood of developing a condition based on genetics.

Question 7

CNS

Answer 7

Brain and spinal cord. AKA The Central nervous system

Question 7

Sensory Neurons

Answer 7

Transmit sensory information to the CNS.

Question 7

Adoption Studies

Answer 7

Research comparing adopted children to their biological and adoptive parents.

Question 7

Twin Studies

Answer 7

Research comparing similarities between identical and fraternal twins.

Question 8

Reflex Arc

Answer 8

Pathway for reflex actions

Question 8

Motor Neurons

Answer 8

Transmit commands from the CNS to muscles.

Question 9

Interneurons

Answer 9

Connect neurons within the CNS

Question 10

PNS

Answer 10

Nerves outside the CNS. AKA The Peripheral nervous system

Question 10

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 10

Controls voluntary movements.

Question 11

ANS

Answer 11

Controls involuntary bodily functions AKA The Autonomic nervous system.

Question 12

Sympathetic Nervous System

Answer 12

Activates fight-or-flight response.

Question 13

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Answer 13

Promotes rest and digestion.

Question 14

Neurons

Answer 14

Nerve cells transmitting information.

Question 15

Glial Cells

Answer 15

Support and protect neurons.

Question 16

Neural Transmission

Answer 16

Process of sending signals between neurons.

Question 17

Action Potential

Answer 17

Electrical impulse traveling down a neuron.

Question 18

All or Nothing

Answer 18

Principle states that neurons either fire completely or not at all

Question 19

Resting Potential

Answer 19

Electrical charge across the neuron membrane when not firing

Question 20

Depolarization

Answer 20

Reduction in membrane potential making a neuron more likely to fire.

Question 21

Refractory Period

Answer 21

Time after an action potential when a neuron can’t fire again.

Question 22

Excitatory Neurotransmitters

Answer 22

Chemicals that stimulate neurons to fire.

Question 23

Inhibitory Neurotransmitters

Answer 23

Chemicals that prevent neurons from firing.

Question 24

Acetylcholine

Answer 24

Neurotransmitter involved in muscle action, learning, and memory.

Question 25

Serotonin

Answer 25

Neurotransmitter affecting mood, sleep, and appetite.

Question 26

Dopamine

Answer 26

Neurotransmitter involved in reward, motivation, and motor control

Question 27

Glutamate

Answer 27

Major excitatory neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory.

Question 28

Gaba

Answer 28

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability.

Question 29

Substance P

Answer 29

A neurotransmitter involved in pain perception.

Question 30

Endorphins

Answer 30

Neurotransmitters that act as natural painkillers and mood enhancers.

Question 31

Norepinephrine

Answer 31

Neurotransmitter involved in arousal and alertness.

Question 32

Hormones

Answer 32

Chemical messengers released by glands to regulate bodily functions

Question 33

Leptin

Answer 33

Hormone that regulates hunger and energy balance.

Question 34

Ghrelin

Answer 34

Hormone that stimulates appetite

Question 35

Melatonin

Answer 35

Hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles.

Question 36

Oxytocin

Answer 36

Hormone involved in social bonding and childbirth.

Question 37

Agonist

Answer 37

Drugs that mimic or enhance neurotransmitter effects.

Question 38

Antagonists

Answer 38

Drugs that block or reduce neurotransmitter effects.

Question 39

Reuptake Inhibitors

Answer 39

Drugs that block the reabsorption of neurotransmitters.

Question 40

Alcohol

Answer 40

A depressant that affects motor skills and judgment.

Question 41

Heroin

Answer 41

An opioid that is highly addictive.

Question 42

Caffeine

Answer 42

A stimulant that increases alertness.

Question 43

Cocaine

Answer 43

A stimulant that increases dopamine levels.

Question 44

Marijuana

Answer 44

A drug that can act as a depressant, stimulant, or hallucinogen.

Question 45

Tolerance

Answer 45

The reduced response to a drug after repeated use.

Question 46

Withdrawal

Answer 46

The symptoms experienced when stopping or reducing drug use

Question 47

Addiction

Answer 47

The compulsive drug use despite harmful consequences

Question 48

Depressant

Answer 48

Drugs that decrease neural activity and slow body functions.

Question 49

Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 49

Disease where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath of neurons

Question 50

Family Studies

Answer 50

Research examining traits among family members.

Question 51

Stimulants

Answer 51

Are drugs that increase neural activity and energy.

Question 52

Adrenaline

Answer 52

Hormone that prepares the body for fight-or-flight response.

Question 53

Reuptake

Answer 53

Reabsorption of neurotransmitters by the sending neuron

Question 54

Threshold

Answer 54

Minimum stimulus needed to trigger an action potential.

Question 55

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 55

An autoimmune disorder causing muscle weakness.

Question 56

Opioids

Answer 56

Are drugs that relieve pain and produce euphoria.

Question 57

Heredity

Answer 57

Transmission of traits from parents to offspring.

Question 58

The Nervous System

Answer 58

Speedy  Messages zip from the eye to the brain to the hand in a second

Question 59

The Endocrine System

Answer 59

Slow Takes several seconds for a message to travel from a gland to tissue

Question 60

Hallucinogens

Answer 60

Drugs that cause perceptual distortions.