Biology 2.0 Flashcards
(36 cards)
3 PROS & CONS of asexual reproduction
Pros- 1. Only one parent needed
2. Fast
3. Genetically identical
Cons- 1. Les chance of survival if the environment changes
2. Bad trait will be passed onto the offspring form the parent
3. Unable to adapt to changing environment
3 PROS & CONS of sexual reproduction
Pros- 1. Better adaptation
2. Produces different variations
3. Reduces harmful mutations
Cons- 1. Slow
2. Requires more energy
3. Requires 2 parents
What stage does the cell stretch?
Anaphase
What stage do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
Metaphase
What stage do chromosomes duplicate?
Interphase
What stage are the chromosomes pulled apart?
Anaphase
What stage does the nuclear enevelop disappear?
Prophase
What stage does the cell split into 2 identical cells?
Telophase
What stage does the chromosomes become visible?
Prophase
What happens in Interphase?
Draw the stage
- Cell Grows
- DNA replication
- Prepares for cell division
Longest Phase
What happens in Prophase?
Draw the stage
- Nuclear envelope disappears
- Chromosomes appear
What happen in Metaphase?
Draw the stage
- Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
M for “Middle”
What happens in Anaphase?
Draw the stage
- The chromosomes move away
- They split and move to the opposite sides of the cell
- Cell stretches
A for “Away”
What happens in Telophase?
Draw the stage
- Two new nuclei form
What happens in Cytokinesis?
- Cell splits into two
- Responsible for the final separation into two cells by splitting the cytoplasm.
Compare the daughter cell to the daughter cell in mitosis.
The daughter cell is genetically identical to the parent cell.
What is Binary Fission?
The parent cell splits into two equal parts. Each cell is exactly the same. (Ex: Bacteria)
What is Budding?
A small growth or “bud” forms on the parent. The small bud grows & breaks off to become a new organism. (ex: Yeast & Hydra)
What is spores?
Parent makes tiny cells called spores. Spores spread and grow into new organisms when conditions are right.
Example: Molds, fungi
What is Parthenogenesis?
Parthenogenesis is a type of asexual reproduction where an egg develops into a new organism without being fertilized by a sperm.
Example: Certain snakes, ants, amphibians
What is Grafting?
A branch or part of one plant is attached to another plant. The grafted branch keeps growing and producing fruit.
Example: Fruit trees like apples or peaches
What is Fragmentation?
A piece of the organism breaks off and grows into a new one. The broken piece regenerates the rest of the body.
Example: Starfish, some plants (like moss or potatoes)
What is the difference between cross pollination & self polliantion? Which of these is sexual & asexual reproduction?
Cross-pollination: Pollen from one plant goes to another plant. This is sexual reproduction.
Self-pollination: A plant uses its own pollen to reproduce. This is also sexual reproduction, but it only uses one plant.
Inside body (humans)
Internal fertilization
