Biology

Question 1

CNS

Answer 1

Composed of brain and spinal cord

Question 2

peripheral nervous system

Answer 2

Outside the Bain and spinal cord and has 21 cranial nerves, 31 spinal nerves

Question 3

Motor neurons (efferent)

Answer 3

Carry info from CNS to the body

Question 4

Sensory neurons (afferent)

Answer 4

Carry info from sensory receptors to CNS

Question 5

Interneurons

Answer 5

Located at CNS and and directs incoming impulses to the correct area for processing

Question 6

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 6

Under involuntary action

Question 7

Somatic nervous system

Answer 7

Voluntary contractions that’s gives sensation of pain heat and balance

Question 8

Sympathetic autonomic system

Answer 8

Causes body adjustments (sweating) and prepares body for emergencies, releases adrenaline and used during fight or flight

Question 9

Parasympathetic autonomic system

Answer 9

Returns body to normal state after altered by sympathetic system and used during test and digest

Question 10

Structural kinesiology

Answer 10

Study of muscles and how they’re involved in movements

Question 11

Agonist

Answer 11

Muscle that causes the joint to move (prime mover)

Question 12

Antagonist

Answer 12

Located at the opp side of the joint and must relax when agonist contracts to allow movement

Question 13

Stabilizer

Answer 13

Muscles that surround the joint to stabilize it to enable another limb to move

Question 14

Synergist

Answer 14

Muscles that assist in the action of the agonist (guiding muscles)

Question 15

Neutralizer

Answer 15

Counteract the action of another muscle to prevent undesirable movements

Question 16

Origin

Answer 16

Fixed end of the muscle

Question 17

Insertion

Answer 17

Movable end

Question 18

Slow twitch

Answer 18

Smaller less and smaller conduction velocity and produces less force and suited for endurance activities

Question 19

Fast twitch

Answer 19

Larger and quicker conduction velocity with more force and designed to be explosive but fatigue easily

Question 20

Reflex

Answer 20

Rapid automatic response to a stimuli

Question 21

Autonomic reflex

Answer 21

Involved activation of miscle that regulates blood pressure digestion and sweating

Question 22

Somatic reflex

Answer 22

Involves the stimulation of skeletal muscle

Question 23

Reflex arc

Answer 23

Pathway that the initial stimulus and corresponding response travel

Question 24

Receptor

Answer 24

Receives stimulus

Question 25

Sensory nerve

Answer 25

Carries impulses to spinal cord or brain

Question 26

Interneuron nerve fibre

Answer 26

Aka rely neuron and interprets signal and issues response

Question 27

Motor neuron

Answer 27

Carries response message from CNS to muscle or organ

Question 28

Effector organ

Answer 28

Carries out the response

Question 29

Reaction

Answer 29

CNS is involved

Question 30

Reflex

Answer 30

CNS isn't directly involved and sensory neuron connects directly to motor neuron

Question 31

Knee jerk reflection

Answer 31

Uses a sensory neuron and a motor neuron but no interneurons

Question 32

Withdrawal reflex

Answer 32

Occurs when you touch something painful

Question 33

Cross extensor reflex

Answer 33

Observes when one leg automatically compensates for a reflex action in the opposing leg

Question 34

Motor unit

Answer 34

Made up of a motor neuron and the muscle fibres it's connected to and it's the path that sends the message from CNS to muscles

Question 35

Cell body

Answer 35

Grey matter of nerve cell bodies which is found in the spinal column or outlying ganglia

Question 36

Axon

Answer 36

Fibres that conduct the impulse from the cell body to the fibres of the Muscles

Question 37

Dendrite

Answer 37

Extensions form the cell body that receive info

Question 38

Myelin

Answer 38

Fatty sheath that allows nerve impulses to travel down an axon

Question 39

Synapse

Answer 39

Junction at the end of an axon where the neuron can stimulate another cell

Question 40

Axon terminal

Answer 40

End of motor neuron

Question 41

Neuromuscular junction

Answer 41

Area between the axon terminal branch and muscle fibre

Question 42

Acetylcholine

Answer 42

Neurotransmitter release by neurons

Question 43

Acetylcholine receptors

Answer 43

Bonds with Acetylcholine causing gated ion channels to open

Question 44

T tubules

Answer 44

Found in the z line and provides pathway for electrochemical response

Question 45

Sarcoplaic reticulum

Answer 45

Smooth endoplaic reticulum that served as a calcium reserve