Metabolism

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

CHEM changes that occur in the cell

Question 2

Anabolic

Answer 2

Involves the building up of large molecules form smaller ones (utilizing energy) and includes constructive processes
EG: dehydration

Question 3

Catabolic

Answer 3

Larger molecules broken down to small ones

EG: hydrolysis

Question 4

Control of metabolic rxns

Answer 4

Require energy to occur and cells that contain enzymes

Question 5

Enzymes

Answer 5

Proteins that act as a catalyst and only acts on a specific substance

Question 6

Absorption

Answer 6

Cells can’t create energy that’s why we depend on food

Question 7

Catabolism

Answer 7

Oxidizer ion or burning of organic molecules

Question 8

Cellular respiration

Answer 8

Chem bonds broken and large amount of energy released

C6H12O6+ 6O2 -> 6CO2 +6H20 +energy

Question 9

Production of energy

Answer 9

Glucose hold too much energy for the body to handle that’s why the body must break it down to 36 ATP

Question 10

Protein

Answer 10

Composed of amino acids and has a specific number of sequence (20 diff kinds of amino acids)

Question 11

Protein pathway

Answer 11

Amino acid Is absorbed and transported to the cells and used for growth and repair

Question 12

Nutrition and energy

Answer 12

Eating well to optimize performance demands balance between the food we consume and the energy we expend

Question 13

Calorie

Answer 13

Unit of measurement (kcal) 1 cal=4.814 J

Question 14

Basal and resting metabolic rate

Answer 14

Measures the energy that’s needs to be consumed to sustain essential bodily functions

Question 15

As age increases, RMR…

Answer 15

Decreases by 2% after 20s

Question 16

Basal metabolic rate

Answer 16

Metabolic rate under very specific lab conditions

Question 17

Resting metabolic rate

Answer 17

Metabolic rate under less specific conditions

Question 18

Harris Benedict equation

Answer 18

Used to determine resting metabolic rate

Question 19

Protein is organ specific

Answer 19

Muscle protein differs from brain protein

Question 20

Protein is ingested and broken down into amino acids

Answer 20

Humans have 20 amino acids; 11 are produced in the body and 9 amino acids at econsidered a s essential

Question 21

Complete proteins

Answer 21

Contain 20 amino acids

EG: meat cheese eggs

Question 22

Incomplete proteins

Answer 22

Limited number is amino acids

EG vegetables

Question 23

Protein diet

Answer 23

0.8g protein per kg of body weight and 10-15% of daily caloric intake

Question 24

Carbs

Answer 24

Most accessible source of energy and 55-60% of daily caloric intake should consist of carbs

Question 25

Complex carbs

Answer 25

Take longer to absorb | EG cereal fruits

Question 26

Simple carbs

Answer 26

Absorb quickly | EG candy chocolates

Question 27

Glycemic index

Answer 27

Rate of carbs digestion and its effect on blood glucose levels

Question 28

High glucose index

Answer 28

Sugary foods

Question 29

Moderate Glycemic index

Answer 29

Whole grain and rice

Question 30

Low glycemic index

Answer 30

Fruits and beans

Question 31

Saturated fats

Answer 31

Animals are the source and high concentration of low density lipoprotein

Question 32

Polyunsaturated fats

Answer 32

Plants are the source with high concentration of high density lipoprotein

Question 33

An excess of saturated fats (LDL) raises cholesterol while HDL Carrie cholesterol out of the blood for elimination

Answer 33

.

Question 34

Benefits of fats

Answer 34

Source of energy and insulates and protect vital parts of the body

Question 35

Vitamins

Answer 35

Form the sources of food that we eat and regulates rxns that occur and synthesizes none and tissue EG: a b c d e k thiamine riboflavin

Question 36

Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 36

A d e k but excess is toxic

Question 37

Water soluble vitamins

Answer 37

C b and excess is secreted in urine

Question 38

Minerals

Answer 38

Absorbed form earths soil and we get it from plants

Question 39

Key minerals

Answer 39

Ca P Mg Na K Cl S

Question 40

Trace minerals

Answer 40

Fe Mg Zn and requires less than 100mg/day

Question 41

Water

Answer 41

AIDS in digestion, carries nutrients to cells and eliminates waste from cells (2L a day)

Question 42

Anabolic

Answer 42

Building up of large molecules from smaller ones | EG dehydration

Question 43

Catabolic

Answer 43

Large molecules are broken down into smaller ones | EG hydrolysis

Question 44

Enzymes

Answer 44

Protiens that act as a catalyst