Biology CH 3: part 2 Flashcards
Eukaryotes and Cell parts (21 cards)
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
- phospholipid boundary between cell and environment
- responsible for maintains homeostasis within the cell
- serves as a gate way to/from the cell
Plasma membrane
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
Organelles in eukaryotic cells are proposed to have originated from ____ relations.
Symbiotic
ie small prokaryotic cells living in larger ones developed into organelles, forming the first eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
-not present in animal cells - gives protection and structure( from bursting), for plant cells a think but porous mesh of cell house fibers.
Cell wall
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
____is the clear, gel like fluid inside of a cell.
Cytosol
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
___ refers to EVERYTHING between the nucleus and plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
- bound by a x2 membrane - contains DNA in the form chromatin (DNA bound with proteins)
Nucleus
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
Is the organelle inside the nucleus and is the site where ribosomes begin formation.
Nucleolus
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
____ are organelles at which proteins are made.
Ribosomes
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
____ _____ are not attached to the ER, and are found in the cytosol. These ribosomes produce proteins for use in their cytosol.
Free ribosomes
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
-made of phospholipids bilayer membrane - internal space of this is called lumen.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
___ ___ has attached ribosomes and tends to be in flatten sacs called cisternae. Has ribosomes and manufactures proteins to be shipped around cell/outside cell.
Rough ER
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
No ribosomes and is more of a mesh of smaller interconnecting tubes. Site of lipid synthesis (includes steroids) metabolism(glycogen, son drugs etc.)
Smooth ER
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
Flattened stack of tubular membranes, proteins transferred here from ER for modification, once modified packed into vesicals for transplant w/ in or out of the cell. (final modification and shipping)
Golgi apparatus
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
For storage, tugor, pressure, hydrolysis, and growth, present in plant cells.
Central vacuole
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
-contain hydrolytic enzymes- can fuse with vacuole to digest material.
Lysosomes
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
- rids the body of toxic substances by removing hydrogen. Numerous in the liver where toxic by-product accumalate. -self replicating.- contains catalase. (pulls hydrogen and makes peroxides) in PA
Peroxisomes
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
-site of cellular respiration(burning glucose and oxygen)-transform energy from stored carbs for use in cell.-have a double membrane (the inner contains the matrix (cellular resp.))where ATP(storage) is produced.
Mitochondria
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
Color pigment(chlorophyll) is green (useless)-in green plant parts and some protists-double outer membrane w/inner discs(thylakoids) arranged in flat stacks called grana, surrounded by a liquid called stroma.
Chloroplast
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
Found in animal, and most protist cells. Used in cell division. Made of micro tubules.
Centrioles
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
Made of protein filaments (micro,intermediate filaments, and micro tubules.). Provide structure for both movement and stability of the cell.
Cytoskeleton
Eukaryotes and Cell parts
Tell if in plant or animal cell
Lysosomes, cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts, centrioles.
Lysosomes and centrioles are in animal and cell wall, central vacuole, and chloroplasts are in plant.
