Biology (Genetics)

Question 1

Allele

Answer 1

Allele (One form of a gene)

Question 2

Anticodon

Answer 2

Anticodon (3 letter part of the tRNA that complements 3 letter part of mRNA codon)

Question 3

Anitparallel

Answer 3

Antiparallel (Parallel but running in opposite directions)

Question 4

Antigen

Answer 4

Antigen (Markers on blood cells)

Question 5

Anaphase

Answer 5

Anaphase (Stage of mitosis where chromosomes move away)

Question 6

Fruchtwasseruntersuchung

Answer 6

Amniocentesis (Medical procedure used to study chromosomes of fetus)

Question 7

Autosomen

Answer 7

Autosomes (Body chromosomes that do not determine gender)

Question 8

Blastula

Answer 8

Blastula (Ball of cells at embryo stage)

Question 9

Carcinogen

Answer 9

Carcinogen (Something that causes cancer)

Question 10

Centromer

Answer 10

Centromere (Middle part of a chromosome)

Question 11

Chromatin

Answer 11

Chromatin (Unstructured DNA material that carries genetic information)

Question 12

Chromosom

Answer 12

Chromosome (Structures that carry genetic information)

Question 13

Klonen

Answer 13

Cloning (Making an identical genetic copy of something)

Question 14

Kodominanz

Answer 14

Codominant (A genetic trait when both the dominant and recessive alleles are shown)

Question 15

Codon

Answer 15

Codon (3 letter part of mRNA that matches anticodon site on tRNA)

Question 16

Zellteilung

Answer 16

Cytokinesis (Division of cell contents after the genetic material has divided)

Question 17

Dihybrid

Answer 17

Dihybrid (A genetic cross involving two traits)

Question 18

Diploid

Answer 18

Doploid (Two copies of a chromosome)

Question 19

Embryo

Answer 19

Embryo (Early stage of human (up to 8 weeks))

Question 20

Befruchtung

Answer 20

Fertilization (A process which joins the egg and the sperm)

Question 21

Fötus

Answer 21

Fetus (Later stage of human development from 9 weeks to birth)

Question 22

Gamet

Answer 22

Gamete (Sex cell)

Question 23

Gametogonese

Answer 23

Gametogonesis (Formation of sperm and egg cells)

Question 24

Gelelektrophorese

Answer 24

Gel Electrophoresis (Technique used to separate molecules (DNA) based on their size)

Question 25

Genotyp

Answer 25

Genotype (The alleles of a gene in an individual)

Question 26

Haploid

Answer 26

Haploid (One copy of a chromosome)

Question 27

Heterozygot

Answer 27

Heterozygous (A genetic trait that has one dominant and one recessive allele)

Question 28

Homologe Chromosomen

Answer 28

Homologous Chromosome (Chromosomes that have the same size and genetic information)

Question 29

Homozygot

Answer 29

Homozygous (A genetic trait that has two of the same alleles either two dominant or two recessive alleles)

Question 30

Karyotyp

Answer 30

Karyotype (A picture of human chromosomes arranged by size)

Question 31

Meiose

Answer 31

Meiosis (A method used to produce sex cells (sperm and egg))

Question 32

Metaphase

Answer 32

Metaphase (Stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell)

Question 33

Metastase

Answer 33

Metastasis (Spreading of cancer from one area of body to another)

Question 34

Mitose

Answer 34

Mitosis (Stages of cell division)

Question 35

Monohybrid

Answer 35

Monohybrid (A genetic cross incolcing one trait)

Question 36

Monosomie

Answer 36

Monosomy (A genetic disorder that has a single chromosome instead of a normal pair of chromosomes. Example: Turner Syndrome)

Question 37

Mutation

Answer 37

Mutation (Changes in structure of DNA (insertion, substitution, deletion, etc)

Question 38

Non-Disjunction

Answer 38

Non-Disjunction (When chromosomes do not separate properly, can lead to genetic disorder)

Question 39

Unbefruchtete Eizelle

Answer 39

Ootid (An ovum that is NOT fertilized)

Question 40

Ovum

Answer 40

Ovum (Egg cell)

Question 41

Stammbaum

Answer 41

Pedigree (Diagram showing the passing on of a genetic trait in a family)

Question 42

Phosphodiesterbindung

Answer 42

Phosphodiester Bond (Chemical bond between sugar and phosphate group in DNA)

Question 43

Plasmid

Answer 43

Plasmid (Bacterial DNA found outside the main chromosome)

Question 44

Polyploid

Answer 44

Polyploid (Many copies of a chromosome)

Question 45

Phänotyp

Answer 45

Phenotype (How an organism looks)

Question 46

Pluripotente Stammzelle

Answer 46

Pluripotent Cells (Cells that can become MANY (but not all) different types of tissue)

Question 47

Prophase

Answer 47

Prophase (Early stage of mitosis)

Question 48

Rezessiv

Answer 48

Recessive (The weaker form of a gene)

Question 49

Semikonservative Replikation

Answer 49

Semiconservative Replication (Method used to make a copy of DNA)

Question 50

Somatische Zelle

Answer 50

Somatic Cells (Cells in a living thing that are NOT the sex cells (gemetes))

Question 51

Spindelfaser

Answer 51

Spindle Fibre (Protein structures that chromosomes move along)

Question 52

Stammzelle

Answer 52

Stem Cells (Generalized cells that have the ability to become different types of tissue)

Question 53

Synapse

Answer 53

Synapsis (Pairing of homologous chromosomes)

Question 54

Telophase

Answer 54

Telophase (End stage of mitosis)

Question 55

Totipotent

Answer 55

Totipotent (Stem cells that can becoime anything)

Question 56

Transkription

Answer 56

Transcription (Making RNA from DNA)

Question 57

Trisomie

Answer 57

Trisomy (A genetic disorder that has 3 chromosomes instead of a normal pair of chromosomes)