biology lecture 1, properties of life Flashcards
what are characteristics of all cells
- surrounded by a membrane
- contain genetic information
- internal mass (cytoplasme)
- have ribosomes (protein synthesis)
what do organisms consist of
one or more cells with highly ordered structures
give the 3 principles of cell theory
- cell is the smallest unit of life
- cells make up all living things : single cell organisms (bacteria, archaea) , multicellular organisms (plants, fungi, animals)
- new cells arise from preexisting cells
what is the use of energy and metabolism
- maintenance of cells requires energy
- living organisms require fuel
how are all the reactions in our body (metabolism) powered
chemical energy obtained from food or light
what are examples of things organisms respond to in their external environment
- odor
- temperature
- light
what is something that reacting to internal changes does
maintain Homeostatis
what is homeostatis
the ability or tendency of an organism to maintain internal equilibrium by adjusting its physiological processes
what is determinate vs indeterminate growth
determinate = growth stops, genetically pre-determined
indeterminate growth = growth that is never terminated
what is development
changes (fertilized egg grows and develops into a specialized structure)
what aspect of cell theory has to do with reproduction
organisms come from previously existing organisms
what do offsprings reproduced asexually look like
they are clones of one another, all identical
what do offsprings reproduced sexually look like
they vary genetically from their siblings and parents, and completely different from the parent (accept for identical twins who have the same DNA)
what is biological evolution
As a population,
living things have adaptive traits THAT allow them to survive and reproduce in their environments, and
ultimately evolve
what are the different types of cells
- bacterial cells
- plant cells
- human bone cells]
- single celled protist
