Biology Nervous system

Question 1

are the nerve cells, the structural and functional units of the nervous system.

Answer 1

Neurons

Question 2

are located entirely within the central nervous system. They intercept the impulses from the sensory neurons and transmit the signals to the motor neurons.

Answer 2

Interneurons

Question 3

do not have true dendrites. They are attached to sensory receptors and transmit impulses to the central nervous system, which then stimulate the interneurons, and then motor neurons

Answer 3

Sensory neurons

Question 4

only found on peripheral nerves which can regenerate

Answer 4

Schwann cells

Question 5

nerves conduct impulses to the central nervous system

Answer 5

AFFERENT

Question 6

nerves conduct impulses to the muscles, organs, and glands.

Answer 6

EFFERENT

Question 7

a fatty layer of insulation on some nerve fibers

Answer 7

Myelin sheath

Question 8

that transmits the message

Answer 8

axon

Question 9

governs all sensory and motor activity. This includes sensory perception, emotions, consciousness, memory, and voluntary movements

Answer 9

cerebrum

Question 10

cord consists of unsheathed nerve fibers in the cortex or surface layer

Answer 10

Gray matter

Question 11

makes up the internal structure, and consists of myelinated nerve fibers

Answer 11

white matter

Question 12

bulging folds

Answer 12

gyrus

Question 13

specializes in motor activity personality, and speech

Answer 13

frontal lobe

Question 14

language, temperature, pressure, touch are interpreted

Answer 14

parietal lobe

Question 15

contains centers for hearing, smell, and language input

Answer 15

temporal lobe

Question 16

specializes in vision

Answer 16

occipital lobe

Question 17

the second largest part of the brain. It contains nerve fibers that connect it to every part of the central nervous system. It coordinates voluntary and involuntary patterns of movements. It also adjusts muscles to automatically maintain posture.

Answer 17

cerebellum

Question 18

connects the rest of the brain to the spinal cord. It regulates breathing, swallowing, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, heartbeat, and blood pressure.

Answer 18

medulla oblongata

Question 19

network of nerves branching out throughout the body from the brain and spinal cord

Answer 19

the peripheral nervous system

Question 20

carries sensory input for smell

Answer 20

olfactory nerve

Question 21

carries sensory input for vision

Answer 21

optic nerve

Question 22

controls muscles of the eye and eyelid

Answer 22

oculomotor nerve

Question 23

controls the eyeball

Answer 23

trochlear nerve

Question 24

controls the face, nose, mouth, forehead, top of head, and jaw.

Answer 24

trigeminal nerve

Question 25

also controls the eyeball

Answer 25

The abducens nerve

Question 26

controls muscles of the face and scalp, and part of the tongue for sense of taste

Answer 26

facial nerve

Question 27

provides sensory input for hearing and equilibrium.

Answer 27

auditory or cochlear nerve

Question 28

nerve controls saliva, swallowing, and taste

Answer 28

glossopharyngeal

Question 29

is the longest cranial nerve, extending to and controlling the heart, lungs, stomach, and intestines.

Answer 29

Vagus nerve

Question 30

permits movement of the head and shoulders.

Answer 30

accessory nerve

Question 31

controls the muscles of the tongue.

Answer 31

Hypoglassal nerve

Question 32

is a part of the peripheral nervous system.. it controls the involuntary bodily functions such as sweating, gland secretions, blood pressure, and the heart. It is divided into the ‘sympathetic’ and ‘parasympathetic’ divisions.

Answer 32

autonomic nervous system

Question 33

is responsible for the ‘flight or fight’ responses… increased alertness, metabolic rate, respiration, blood pressure, heart rate, and sweating AND a decrease in digestive and urinary function. The parasympathetic nervous system counteracts the responses of the sympathetic system… restoring homeostasis.

Answer 33

sympathetic nervous system