Biology Revision For Test 21 October (B3)

Question 1

What are Enzymes?

Answer 1

Enzymes break down foods into smaller molecules in the digestive system.
Enzymes control the metabolism. Enzymes are biological catalysts.
Enzymes are protein molecules, and so are made up of animo acids. Most enzymes contain between 100 and 1000 animo acids.
The shape of an enzyme is very important.

Question 2

Where are the digestive enzymes found?

Answer 2

Digestive enzymes are located in the pancreas, small intestine, stomach and in the mouth.

Question 3

Where are catalyse found?

Answer 3

They are found in liver cells.

Question 4

What do I use to identify whether protein is present in foods?

Answer 4

Biuret reagent

Question 5

What do I use to identify whether starch is present in foods?

Answer 5

iodine solutions

Question 6

What do I use to identify whether lipid is present in foods?

Answer 6

Ethanol

Question 7

What do I use to identify whether glucose or sugar is present in foods?

Answer 7

Benedict’s solution

Question 8

Where is bile found?

Answer 8

It is produced in the liver and then the bile is stored in the gallbladder which then is released in the small intestine.

Question 9

What is the Bile’s function?

Answer 9

Its function is to reduce the size of globule to let the Lipase do its work more efficiently.

Question 10

What is the enzyme used to break down carbohydrates?

Answer 10

Amylase

Question 11

What is the enzyme used to break down protein?

Answer 11

Pepsin/Protease

Question 12

What is the enzyme used to break down fats/lipids?

Answer 12

Lipase

Question 13

What are cells?

Answer 13

Smallest structure and functional organism, it is microscopic and does contain cytoplasm, nuclei and a membrane.

Question 14

What are tissues?

Answer 14

Is a group of cells that work together and to create tissue for the human body to use. For example, muscular tissue is used for mobility within the limbs.

Question 15

What is an organ?

Answer 15

An organ contains several types of tissues for a specific function. It is the necessary to human life.

Question 16

What is an organ system?

Answer 16

An organ system is when organs work together to create an organ system. For example, liver and stomach is part of an organ system.

Question 17

What is an organism?

Answer 17

A specimen that contains organ systems.

Question 18

What is the function of carbohydrates?

Answer 18

Carbohydrates provides us fuel to make reactions of life possible. Contains Hydrogen, Carbon and Oxygen.

Question 19

What is the function of protein?

Answer 19

Used for growth and repair, Animo acids are used to make protein.

Question 20

What is the function of lipids?

Answer 20

Insulation of the body and protection of the organs.

Question 21

What is the resultant of digested carbohydrates (starch)?

Answer 21

Glucose

Question 22

What is the resultant of digested protein?

Answer 22

Amino acids.

Question 23

What is the result of digested fats/lipids?

Answer 23

Fatty acids, glycerol (glyceryl).

Question 24

What is the mouth’s function?

Answer 24

The mouth contains teeth and tough, with these it grinds down the foods into smaller pieces. Saliva is then produced in the mouth, saliva contains an enzyme called ‘amylase’ which causes starch to break down into simple sugars.

Question 25

What is the Oesophagus (gullet) used for?

Answer 25

The oesophagus (gullet) transfers food from the mouth, to the stomach. Muscles in the oesophagus helps push down food to the stomach.

Question 26

What is the liver?

Answer 26

The liver produces bile that is stored in the gallbladder.

Question 27

What is the gallbladder?

Answer 27

The gallbladder is where the bile is stored in. When the bile is released, it travels along the bile duct and into the small intestine.

Question 28

What is the stomach?

Answer 28

It is where food is stored to be broken down into smaller molecules due to the enzymes that are produced in the stomach. The food enters the stomach through a ring of muscle called ‘sphincter’. The stomach acid then produces protease. Stomach acid also kills bacteria ingested with the food. (This is where protein is broken down).

Question 29

What is the small intestine?

Answer 29

It is the place where nutrients are absorbed, since there is a large surface area. Bile is disposed here to break down fat. This is also the location where lipids, proteins and starch is broken down.

Question 30

What is the pancreas?

Answer 30

It is an organ that produces hormones that control glucose levels. Glucose levels tend to rise, this causes insulin to be released which causes excess glucose to be converted to glycogen for storage in the liver.

Question 31

What is the large intestine?

Answer 31

The large intestine is where many components for the human life gets absorbed. It absorbs water, vitamins and electrolytes. This is the last place before the digested food reaches the anus.