Biology Sat II Review

Question 1

purines

Answer 1

DNA bases that have double-ringed variable groups

Question 2

pyrimidines

Answer 2

DNA bases that have single-ringed variable groups

Question 3

purine

Answer 3

Adenine is a (purine/pyrimidine).

Question 4

purine

Answer 4

Guanine is a (purine/pyrimidine).

Question 5

pyrimidine

Answer 5

Cytosine is a (purine/pyrimidine).

Question 6

pyrimidine

Answer 6

Thymine is a (purine/pyrimidine).

Question 7

pyrimidine

Answer 7

Uracil is a (purine/pyrimidine).

Question 8

p+q=1

Answer 8

formula used to find allele frequency

Question 9

p^2

Answer 9

formula to find frequency of homologous dominant genes

Question 10

2pq

Answer 10

formula to find frequency of heterogeneous genes

Question 11

q^2

Answer 11

formula to find frequency of homologous recessive genes

Question 12

hypothalamus

Answer 12

maintains homeostasis; monitors hormone levels, electrolyte balance, temperature

Question 13

spinal cord

Answer 13

primitive, reflex actions

Question 14

cerebrum

Answer 14

conscious mind; voluntary actions, movement, speech, problem solving; awareness of sensations

Question 15

cerebellum

Answer 15

coordinates muscle movement and balance

Question 16

medulla

Answer 16

involuntary acts such as breathing and blood pressure regulation; relatively primitive

Question 17

-70 mV

Answer 17

charge of a neuron at resting potential

Question 18

+35 mV

Answer 18

charge of a neuron that causes opening of potassium ion floodgates

Question 19

-50 mV

Answer 19

charge of a neuron that causes opening of sodium ion floodgates

Question 20

-90 mV

Answer 20

charge of a neuron that causes closing of floodgates

Question 21

inner linings of respiratory system, digestive system, reproductive system, urinary system, glandular organs

Answer 21

endoderm

Question 22

bones, blood vessels, muscles, heart, non-glandular organs

Answer 22

mesoderm

Question 23

linings of mouth and anus, external structures, nervous system structures

Answer 23

ectoderm

Question 24

zygote-morula-blastocyst-fetus

Answer 24

order of development of baby

Question 25

G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)

Answer 25

molecule formed in the light-independent reactions/Calvin Cycle

Question 26

ribulose biphosphate

Answer 26

molecule used in the light-independent reactions

Question 27

phloem

Answer 27

plant tissue that transports nutrients from the roots

Question 28

xylem

Answer 28

plant tissue that transports water from the roots

Question 29

sieve cells

Answer 29

cells in plant tissue that actually carry out transport

Question 30

companion cells

Answer 30

cells in plant tissue that aid other cells in transport

Question 31

phloem

Answer 31

plant tissue that contains sieve cells and companion cells

Question 32

center of the stem with many arms

Answer 32

location of xylem in dicots

Question 33

in between "arms" of xylem, outside of the center of the stem

Answer 33

location of phloem in dicots

Question 34

in pairs with xylem scattered throughout the stem

Answer 34

location of phloem in monocots

Question 35

in pairs with phloem scattered throughout the stem

Answer 35

location of xylem in monocots

Question 36

transformation

Answer 36

type of genetic recombination that occurs when a bacteria is mixed with naked DNA

Question 37

conjugation

Answer 37

type of genetic recombination that occurs when a bacteria is mixed with different bacteria

Question 38

transduction

Answer 38

type of genetic recombination that occurs when a bacteria is mixed with a virus

Question 39

epiphyseal plate

Answer 39

site on bone where longitudal growth occurs

Question 40

histone

Answer 40

balls of genes that, when coiled tightly together, form chromatin and chromosomes

Question 41

fat

Answer 41

nutrient that contains the greatest amount of energy per gram

Question 42

cambium

Answer 42

undifferentiated cells between xylem and phloem

Question 43

pith

Answer 43

innermost plant cells in stem used for storage and support

Question 44

5' to 3'

Answer 44

direction of DNA synthesis

Question 45

Ca+2

Answer 45

ion that has a major role in muscle contraction

Question 46

deletion

Answer 46

chromosomal aberration where a fragment lacking a centromere is lost during cell division

Question 47

inversion

Answer 47

chromosomal aberration where a chromosomal fragment reattaches to its original chromosome but in the reverse orientation

Question 48

translocation

Answer 48

chromosomal aberration where a fragment becomes attached to a non-homologous chromosome

Question 49

polyploidy

Answer 49

chromosomal aberration where cell or organism has extra chromosomes

Question 50

nondisjunction

Answer 50

chromosomal aberration where chromosomes fail to separate during mitosis

Question 51

Klinefelter's syndrome

Answer 51

syndrome in males who have an extra X chromosome

Question 52

Down syndrome

Answer 52

syndrome in individuals with an extra chromosome 21

Question 53

phenylalanine

Answer 53

UUU codon forms ______.

Question 54

serine

Answer 54

AGU codon forms ______.

Question 55

valine

Answer 55

GUU codon forms ______.

Question 56

glycine

Answer 56

GGU codon forms ______.

Question 57

leucine

Answer 57

CUU codon forms ______.

Question 58

methionine

Answer 58

AUG codon forms ______.

Question 59

disruptive selection

Answer 59

type of selection that forms an M-shaped graph

Question 60

directional selection

Answer 60

type of selection that moves the bell curve over

Question 61

flame cell

Answer 61

excretory structure of planaria

Question 62

nephridia

Answer 62

excretory structure of earthworms

Question 63

malpighian tubule

Answer 63

excretory structure of insects

Question 64

nephron

Answer 64

excretory structure of humans

Question 65

bone to bone

Answer 65

ligaments connect _______.

Question 66

muscle to bone

Answer 66

tendons connect ______.