Biology Topic 2

Question 1

What does amylase break down?

Answer 1

Starch into glucose

Question 2

What does carbohydrase break down?

Answer 2

Carbohydrates into sugar

Question 3

What does protease break down?

Answer 3

Protein into amino acids

Question 4

What does lipase break down

Answer 4

Lipids are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 5

Where is protease produced

Answer 5

The stomach and the pancreas

Question 6

Where is amylase produced

Answer 6

By the pancreas and the salivary glands

Question 7

Where is lipase produced

Answer 7

The pancreas

Question 8

What are the 2 purposes of bile?

Answer 8

It neutralizes the acid in the stomach
It emulsifies fat into small droplets to make it easier for lipase to break down

Question 9

Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?

Answer 9

Pulmonary artery

Question 10

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Answer 10

Pulmonary vein

Question 11

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body?

Answer 11

Aorta

Question 12

Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the heart?

Answer 12

Vena cava

Question 13

Where is the hearts pacemaker?

Answer 13

The right atrium

Question 14

What are the characteristics of arteries?

Answer 14

• lick layers of muscles in the walls
• elastic fibers to allow them to stretch

Question 15

What are the special characteristics of veins?

Answer 15

• vide (lumen) to allow low pressure blood to flow
• valves to ensure the blood flows in the correct direction (towards the heart)

Question 16

What are the special features of capillaries?

Answer 16

• walls are 1 cell thick to create a short diffusion pathway
• permeable walls

Question 17

What are the 4 components of blood?

Answer 17

• red blood cells
• white blood cells
• platelets
• plasma

Question 18

What is the purpose of red blood cells?

Answer 18

To carry oxygen in the blood

Question 19

What is haemoglobin?

Answer 19

It is contained in red blood cells
It binds to oxygen

Question 20

What are the features of red blood cells?

Answer 20

• concave disc shape
• no nucleus (more room for oxygen)
• Contains haemoglobin

Question 21

What is the role of platelets?

Answer 21

• they help blood clots form at the sight of a wound

Question 22

What is coronary heart disease?

Answer 22

Layers of fatty material build up on the inside of coronary arteries causing them to narrow

Question 23

What are the treatments for coronary heart disease?

Answer 23

• stents: to keep coronary arteries open
• statins: reduce blood cholesterol to slow the rate of fat building up

Question 24

What are the 2 treatments for heart failure?

Answer 24

• heart transplant
• mechanical heart

Question 25

What is a benign tumor?

Answer 25

Non-cancerous Grows until there’s no more room Does not invade other tissues If it causes pressure or damage to other organs

Question 26

What is a malignant tumor?

Answer 26

spread through the blood stream The cancer cells divide more rapidly and have a longer lifespan

Question 27

What is the test for starch?

Answer 27

- iodine - if starch is present the iodine turns blue black

Question 28

What is the food tests for sugar?

Answer 28

- Benedict’s solution - turns from blue to brick red if reducing sugars are present

Question 29

What is the test for proteins?

Answer 29

Birrete solution. Turns from blue to purple

Question 30

What is the test for lipids?

Answer 30

- ethanol - if ethanol is present a white emulsion forms