Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

paper 2 pe > biomechanical movement > Flashcards

biomechanical movement Flashcards

(57 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

angular motion definition

A

involves rotation
movement around a fixed point or axis
occurs when force is applied outside the centre of mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

transvers axis and sporting example

A

runs from side to side across body

e.g somersault rotates in a transverse axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sagittal axis and sporting example

A

runs from front to back

e.g cartwheel rotates in sagittal axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

longitudinal axis and sporting example

A

runs from top to bottom

e.g multiple spin in ice skating rotates in longitudinal axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is a torque

A

turning force

the rotational consequence of a force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ways to increase torque

A

increasing size of force

-applying same force further away from axis of rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

newtons first law of angular motion

A

a rotating body will continue to turn about its axis of rotation with constant angular momentum unless rotating force (torque) is exerted upon it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

newtons first law of angular motion sporting example

A

e.g. ice skater will spin in air and continue to spin until they land on the ice when external force (torque) is exerted from the ice on their skates which changes the angular momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

newtons second law of angular motion

A

rate of change of angular momentum of a body is proportional to the force (torque) causing it and the change that takes place in the direction in which the force (torque) acts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

newtons third law of angular motion

A

when a force (torque) is applied by one body to another, the second body will exert an equal and opposite force (torque) on the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

sporting example of newtons third law of angular motion

A

e.g. goalkeeper tips the ball over the bar, they throw their arms up which causes the lower parts of their legs to go back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

scalar quantity

A

measurements are only decribed in terms of size or magnitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

example of scalar quantity measurements

A

mass, distance, speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

vector quantity

A

when measurements are described in terms of size AND direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

example of vector quantity measurements

A

weight, acceleration, displacement, velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is mass

A

quantity of matter the body possesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how is weight calculated

A

mass(kg) x gravity(9.8)=weight (newtons)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

distance definition

A

length of the path a body follows when moving from one position to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

displacement definition

A

shortest route in straight line between the starting and finishing points

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

is distance a scalar or vector quantity

A

scalar as only measures size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

is displacement a scalar or vector quantity

A

vector as measures size and direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

speed definition

A

rate of change of distance

scalar quantity as does not consider direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how do you calculate speed

Study These Flashcards
A

speed= distance covered (m)divided by time taken (s)

24
Q

velocity definition

Study These Flashcards
A

refers to how fast a body travels in a certain direction

rate of change of displacement

25
velocity calculation
displacement divided by time taken
26
acceleration definition
rate of change of velocity when velocity increases, positive acceleration takes place when velocity decreases, negative acceleration takes place
27
acceleration calculation
change in velocity divided by time
28
momentum definition
product of mass and velocity of an object
29
projectile motion definition
movement of an object or person travelling through the air in sport, as soon as ball released, becomes a projectile
30
factors affecting the horizontal displacement of a projectile motion
speed of release angle of release height of release study tip: HAS
31
angle of release
optimum angle of release dependent on landing height and release height
32
what is the optimum angle of release when both landing height and release height are equal
optimum angle of release=45 degrees e.g long jumper
33
what is optimum angle of release when release height is below landing height
optimum angle of release needs to be greater then 45 degrees e.g basketball shot
34
what is optimum angle of release when landing height is below release height
optimum angle of release needs to be below 45 degrees e.g shot put
35
speed of release
greater the release velocity of projectile, greater horizontal displacement travelled e.g shot put the speed of the rotation across the circle ensures shot leaves hand at max velocity. therefore, greater horizontal displacement achieved
36
height of release
greater the release height, greater the horizontal displacement travelled
37
what two forces affect projectiles whilst in air
weight air resistance
38
what is important about weight and air resistance
decide whether a projectile has a flight path that is true parabola or a distorted parabola
39
what is a parabola
curve that is symmetrical at its highest point
40
what projectiles have a true parabola flight path
large weight force, small air resistance force
41
sporting example of true parabola flight path
shot put as large weight small air resistance
42
distorted parabola
low weight force, high air resistance
43
sport example of distorted parabola flight path
shuttlecock in badminton has lighter mass and unusual shape that increases its air resistance
44
vertical component
upward motion of an object arrow will be upwards
45
horizontal component
horizontal motion of an object arrow will be left or right
46
fluid mechanisms
study of object or body that travels through any liquid or gas e.g swimmers travel through water tennis ball travels through air both can be slowed down by friction or drag
47
drag force
slows something down resistance force caused by motion of body travelling through liquid acts in opposition to direction of motion negative effect on velocity produced from air resistance and friction cyclist will try to minimise drag so they can increase their velocity
48
what are the two types of drags
surface drag form drag
49
surface drag
relates to friction between surface of an object and the fluid environment swimmers wear specialised smooth clothing, shave off body hair to reduce surface drag wearing streamline clothing
50
form drag
relates to impact of environment on an object e.g swimmer has to create thinnest and straightest form in water to reduce form drag
51
factors that reduce and increase drag
velocity of moving body cross sectional area of moving body shape and surface characteristics of moving body
52
velocity of the moving body
greater the velocity, greater the drag force cyclist will experience greater air resistance, increase drag reduce effects of drag include streamlining the body
53
cross sectional area of the body
large cross sectional area of body increases drag cyclists reduce drag by crouching forwards over handlebars instead of sitting upright as reduces cross sectional area
54
shape and surface characteristics of a moving body
more streamlined, aerodynamic shape reduces drag drag resistant clothing aerodynamic helmets with air ducts to reduce drag shaving off all body hair for swimmers to reduce drag either bold or wear swimming cap
55
Bernoulli principle
downward lift force lift force
56
discus in bernouili principle
air that travels over the top of discus has to travel at a longer distance then air underneath air above discus travels at faster velocity, lower pressure air that travels below has shorter distance to travel so travels at higher pressure higher pressure below discus causes lift force and allows discus to stay in air for longer, increasing horizontal displacement
57
cycling in Bernoulli principle
air travelling over the top travels a shorter distance then air underneath air above travels at slower velocity, higher pressure creates a downward lift force

paper 2 pe (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions