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DPT Spring 2024 > Biomechanics Exam 2 > Flashcards

Biomechanics Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Know this

A

Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
TFL
Rectus Femoris
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Maximus
Adductor Longus
Semimembranosus
Biceps Femoris (long head) and Semitendinosus

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2
Q

Coxa vara is hip bend ______ and ____ 125°

A

inward; <

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3
Q

Coxa valga is hip bend _____ and ___ 125°

A

outward; >

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4
Q

Anteversion has more ____ than _____

A

IR; ER

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5
Q

Retroversion has more ____ than ______

A

ER; IR

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6
Q

Angle of inclination can alter the _______ @ the acetabulum and is involved with _____/______

CP is typically coxa _____

A

articulation

OA; dislocation

valga

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7
Q

Know this

A

Top pic: Normal

Coxa Vara

Coxa Valga

2nd pic: Coxa valga; Coxa vara

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8
Q
A

Normal Anteversion

Excessive Anteversion

Excessive Retroversion

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9
Q

The ______ is a deep, cuplike socket

A

acetabulum

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10
Q

The acetabular notch has a ____-____° opening

A

60-70

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11
Q

________ ________ : floor of fossa, has no cartilage, no contact, filled with fat/blood vessels/ synovial membrane/lig

A

acetabular fossa

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12
Q

Femoral head normally contacts only along the ______ _______

A

lunate surface

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13
Q

The _______ _________ is covered in articular cartilage, thickest along the antsup region matching area of highest joint force with walking

A

lunate surface

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14
Q

Forces ____% swing to _____% BW at mid stance

A

13; 300

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15
Q

In midstance, the _____ widens, lunate _____, ______ contact area, _______ pressure

A

notch
deforms
increase
decrease

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16
Q

Know these

A

a. ischiofemoral
b. ligamentum teres
c. iliofemoral
d. lesser
e. transverse acetabular
f. ischial ramus
g. pubis
h. ligamentum teres cut
i. acetabular fossa
j. lunate surface
k. acetabular labrum
l. iliofemoral

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17
Q

The acetabular labrum is a strong, _______ ring with a ____________ rim

A

flexible; fibrocartilage

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18
Q

The acetabular labrum provides mechanical _______ ‘grip’ and _______ the socket

A

stability; deepens

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19
Q

The acetabular labrum has a mechanical seal keeps negative _______, is _______ sealed

This causes reduced ________/contact stress and improved _______ to the joint

A

pressure; fluid

friction; lubrication

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20
Q

The acetabular labrum is poorly _______ but well _________

Focuses on pain and ________

A

vascularized; innervated

proprioception

21
Q

Capsule with synovial membrane:

Iliofemoral/pubofemoral/ischiofemoral ligaments reinforce external ________, _________, gluteus ________, _________ __________

A

capsule; iliocapsularis; minimus; rectus femoris

22
Q

This ligament is thick, strong upside down “Y” med. and lat; AIIS/ rim of acetabulum to intertronchanteric line; full hip ext and also full EROT elongates it?

A

Iliofemoral

23
Q

This ligament is taught in hip abd/ext and a bit of ERot?

A

Pubofemoral

24
Q

This ligament is posterior, spirals, taught in IROT and ABD?

A

Ischiofemoral

25
Q

know these

A

a. iliofemoral
b. ischiofemoral
c. iliacus
d. psoas
e. pubofemoral
f. obturator externus
g. iliopsoas tendon

26
Q

know these

A

a. ischial spine
b. inferior pubi ramus
c. ischial tuberosity
d. ilium
e. greater trochanter
f. ischiofemoral
g. protrusion of synovial membrane
h. lesser trochanter

27
Q

_____-on-______: femur on about fixed pelvis

A

femoral-on-pelvic

28
Q

____- on- ________: rotation of the pelvis on fixed femurs

A

pelvic-on-femoral

29
Q

T/F:

FOP and POF occur often simultaneously

A

T

30
Q

know this

A

sagittal

31
Q

know this

A

horizontal

32
Q

know this

A

frontal

33
Q

hip flexion is _____-_____ degrees

A

120-140

34
Q

with hip flexion and LE extended. it is ____-_____ degrees (hamstring tension)

A

70-80

35
Q

hip extension is ____-_____ degrees

A

18-30

36
Q

Abduction is ____-_____ degrees

Limited by _______ and _______ muscles

A

40-55

pubofemoral

adductor

37
Q

Adduction is _____-______ degrees

Limited by ____, _______, and ________

A

20-25

abd; piriformis; ITB

38
Q

IR is ____-_____ degrees

A

30-45

39
Q

ER is _____-______ degrees

A

32-50

40
Q

know this

A
41
Q

know this

A
42
Q

Muscular function: FLEXION

6 main hip flexors?

A

Iliopsoas
Sartorius
TFL
RF
Adductor Longus
Pectineus

43
Q

The ________ and _______ ________

large, long

Iliacus – iliacus fossa/over SIJ

Psoas major – TP T12/discs (blend with diaphragm)

Blend anterior to femoral head before attachment to lesser trochanter

“internal snapping hip” – distal abrasion @iliopubic eminence region

A

Iliopsoas and psoas minor

44
Q

The _______ is
Prominent femoral-on-hip flexor and flexor of trunk/pelvis over fixed thighs

Swing phase of walk/run
Frontal plane stability of lumbar spine bilat contraction

A

Iliopsoas

45
Q

The _______ ________ is Directly anterior to major

Present in 60-65%

T12/L1 bodies to medial to acetabulum and iliac fascia

May help stabilize the position of the underlying psoas major (prevent ‘bowstringing’)

A

psoas minor

46
Q

The __________ muscle:

Longest muscle in the body
ASIS to medial proximal tibia @ pes anserine
Tailor’s muscle
Hip flexion/ER/abd

A

Sartorius

47
Q

The ______ muscle

Ilium to IT Band (short)
Flexor/abd of hip
IRot only from Erot

A

TFL

48
Q

The ______ _______ of the thigh:

max and TFL attachments

it circles the thigh

Forms fascial sheets of intermuscular septa (attach at linea aspera)

ITB forms as thickened deeper portion

A

fascia lata

49
Q
A

DPT Spring 2024 (30 decks)

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