Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

zoology > biomolecules > Flashcards

biomolecules Flashcards

(84 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

filtrate is called

A

acid soluble pool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

retentate is called

A

acis insoluble pool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how do we find inorganic elements and compounds present in living tissue

A

ash analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

% of carbon in human body wrt to earths crust

A

significantly more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

% oxygen in human body wrt to earths crust

A

more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

% of nitrogen in human body wrt to earths crust

A

more by a large margin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

% of silicon in human body wrt earths crust

A

negligible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does na+ and k+ help with

A

action potential in nerve impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does ca2+ help with

A

muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does mg2+ help with

A

co factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does nacl help with

A

osmoregulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does po43- so42- help with

A

buffer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

biomolecules are divided into

A

macromolecules and micromolecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

acid soluble fraction contains

A

micro moleculles- amino acids, sugars, nucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

acid insoluble fraction contains

A

polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acid, (lipids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

acid soluble pool contains biomolecules with

A

molecular mass of 18-800 dalton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

acid insoluble pool contains biomolecules with

A

molecular mass of 10000 daltons oor more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

why are lipids not strictly macromolecules

A

their weight does not exceed 800 dalton but cell membrane containing l lipid form vesicles when crushed and these vesicles are water insoluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

acid soluble pool represents

A

cytoplasmic composition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

acid insoluble pool represents

A

macromolecules of cytoplasm and organelles composition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

water in cellular mass

A

70-90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

proteins in cellular mass

A

10-15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
26
nucleic acids in cellular mass
5-7
27
carbs in cellular mass
3
28
lipids in cellular mass
2
29
ions in cellular mass
1
30
most abundant chemical compound in living beings
water
31
secondary metabolites
organic compounds that are not involved in primary metabolism and have no direct function in growth and developm ment of organism
32
pigments
anthocyanin, carotenoids
33
alkaloids
morphine, codeine
34
terpenoids
moonoterpenes, diterpennes
35
essential oils
lemon grass oil
36
toxins
abrin, ricin
37
lectins
concanavalin a
38
drugs
vinblastin, curcumin
39
40
polymeriic substances
rubber, gums, cellulose
41
carbohydrates
compounds of carbons, hydrogen, oxygen
42
carbohydrates are also called
hydrates of carbon, polyhydroxy aldose/ketoses
43
carbohydrates are divided into
monosaccharides, derived monosaccharides, oligosaccharides
44
monosaccharides ; ex
simple sugar that can't be hydrolysed further, they contain 3-7 carbons ; ribose, glucose, fructose
45
derived monosaccharides;ex
modified to form various sugars; depxy sugar(removal of oxygen at 2nd carbon of ribose), amino sugar(glucosamine), sugar acid( glucuronic acid, ascorbic acid), sugar alcohol(mannitol)
46
oligosaccharides
small carbohydrates formed by condensation of 2-9 monosaccharides, monosaccharides are joined by glycosidic bond
47
glycosidic bond
formed by joining aldehyde or ketone of one carbon to alcohol of another, formed by dehydration between carbon 1 of one monosaccharide and 4 of another
48
disaccharides
sucrose, maltose, lactose, trehalose
49
sucrose is made of
glucose and fructose
50
lactose is made of
glucose and galactose
51
52
trehalose is made of
2 glucose
53
54
maltose is made of
2 glucose molecules
55
trehalose is present in
haemolymph of insects
56
linkage in maltose
alpha(1,4)
57
reducing sugars
sugars that can reduce cu2+ ions to cu+ ions, this property is the basis os fehlings and benedicts test to detect presence of glucose in urine
58
reducing sugars are those sugars that
have free aldehyde and ketone groups, all monosaccharides are reducing
59
non reducing sugars
sucrose
60
reducing sugars
lactose, maltose
61
glucose is also called as
universal sugar, dextrose, corn sugar, grape sugar
62
fructose is also called
fruit sugar, levulose, sweetest among all sugars
63
trisaccharides
raffinose(glucose, fructose, galactose)
64
tetrasaccharides
stachyose
65
calcium and magnesium function
reduce excitablilty of nerves and muscles
66
cytochromes contain
fe2+ and cu2+
67
concentration of cations inside cell
K>Na>Ca
68
sucrose is also called
cane sugar
69
polysaccharides
polymers or chains of monosaccharides
70
individual monosaccharides in polysaccharides are linked by
glycosidic bond
71
rught end of polysaccharides is
reducing end
72
left end of polysaccharides is
non reducing end
73
polysaccharides are of two types
homopolysaccharides and heteropolysaccharides
74
homopolysaccharides examples
glycogen, starch, cellulose, inulin, chitin
75
glycogen
made up of 30000 glucose residues, branched structure with a1,4 at unbranched part and a1.6 at branched, gives red color with iodine
76
starch
forms helical secondar structure ( glucose chains forms a helix), gives blue color with iodine, because I2 molecules occupy interior of helix of glucose units
77
cellulose
composed of beta glucose, unbranched polymer, paper made of plant pulp is cellulosic, cotton fivre is cellulosic, artificial silk called rayon is a polysaccharides derived from cellulose, cannot hold iodine cuz it doesn't have heliz
78
inuline
polymer of fructose, storage polysaccharides in roots and tuber of dahlia and related plants, inulin is not metabolised in human body and filtered throught kidney, used in kidney testing
79
chitin
second most abundant organic substance, unit is nitrogen containing glucose derivative called N-acetly glucosamine, exoskeleton of arthropod contains chitin
80
heteropolysaccharides
contain more than one type of monosaccharides, more complex than homopolysaccharides
81
heteropolysaccharides ex
peptidoglycan
82
peptidoglycan
heteropolysaccharides chain contains two alternate amino sugars, n acetyl glucosamine and n acetyl muramic acid
83
hyaluronic acid
composed of D glucuronic acid, n acetyl glucosamine, it accounts for toughness and flexibility of cartilage and tendon
84
carbohydrates like glycogen and starch are easy to store because
they are stored in bulk, osmotically inactive, chemically non reactive

zoology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions