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Flashcards in Biomolecules (+ enymes) Deck (22)
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1
Q

What is an enzyme?

A
  • Proteins
  • Biological catalysts
  • Specific to one particular substrate
2
Q

How do enymes work?

A
  • Enzyme and substrate gain kinetic energy from heat and move around inside cell
  • Collision creating enzyme-substrate complex, connecting through the active site and reaction occurs
  • The products form and leave the active site
3
Q

What happens to enzymes when the temperature/pH is not gut??????????

A
  • When the temperature is above or below the optimum temperature, or when the pH is not 2 (stomach) or 7, the enzyme denatures
  • The 3D shaape and actuve site of the enzyme changes shape
  • SUBSTRATE NO FIT = NO REACTION
4
Q

Give experimentthat explores the effect oftemperature on enzymes

A

Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen

Catalase is found in potatos.

  • Putting potato chips in to peroxide will produce O2
  • Rate of reaction is proportional to volume of O2 produced and varies with differnt temperatures

2H2O2 → O2 + 2H2O

5
Q

ARe carbohydrates (glucose/monosaccharides) soluble or insoluble in water?

A

They are soluble in water

6
Q

Are carbohydrates (glucose/monosaccharides) found un animal cells or nah

A

yah

7
Q

Are carbohydrates (glucose/monosaccharides) broken down by amylase?

A

no, they are the smallest sugar

8
Q

Where are carbohydrates (glucose/monosaccharides) absorbed?

A

in the small intestine

9
Q

What is the solution to test fro carbohydrates (glucose/monosaccharides) ?

A
  • Benedict’s reagent
  • Colour: blue
  • Positive: brick red
  • HEAT
10
Q

What are carbohydrates (glucose/monosaccharides) made of?

A

H, C, O

11
Q

Which foods have a high % of carbohydrates (glucose/monosaccharides)?

A
  • Potatos
  • Pasta
  • Rice
  • Bread
12
Q

Are carbohydrates (starch) soluble or insoluble in water?

A

insoluble

13
Q

What is the solution to test for carbohydrates (starch)?

A
  • Add iodine
  • Colour: yellow/brown
  • Positive: blue/black
14
Q

Where is carbohydrates (starch) found in>?

A

plants

15
Q

What are lipids made out of?

A

H,C,O

16
Q

What are lipids break down into?

A

fattay acid and glycerol

G fatty acid

L

Y

C

E fatty acid

R

O

L fatty acid

17
Q

What solution teests for lipids?

A
  • EMULSION TESt
  • Ethanol, add water then shake
  • Positive: cloudy white
18
Q

Which foods have a high % of lipid?

A
  • Butter
  • Cheese
  • Crips
19
Q

What are proteins made out of?

A

S C H O N

20
Q

What do proteins break dowon into?

A

amino acids

21
Q

What is the test for proteins?

A
  • Biuret test
  • Add copper sulphate and dilute NaOH
  • Colour: blue
  • Positive: lilac/purple
22
Q

Which foodds have high % of proteins?

A
  • Meat
  • Fish
  • Buts
  • Egg