Biopsychology

Question 1

what are the 2 main componments of the CNS

Answer 1

CNS + PNS (central nervous system and peripheral nervous system)

Question 2

2 part of CNS

Answer 2

brain and spinal chord

Question 3

componments making up peripheral nervous system

Answer 3

autonomic nervous system, somatic nervus system, sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system

Question 4

what does autonomic nerovus system mean

Answer 4

self governing

Question 5

what is the outer layer of the brain

Answer 5

the cerebral cortex

Question 6

what is an extension of the brain

Answer 6

spinal chord

Question 7

what does the somatic nervous system

Answer 7

transmits infomation recieved by the senses through receptors to the CNS and transmits messages from the CNS to the muscles to instruct them to act

Question 8

3 types of neurons

Answer 8

sensory, relay, motor

Question 9

sensory neuron =

Answer 9

these neurons tell the rest of the brain about external and internal environment by processing information taken from one of the 5 senses. carry messages from PNS to CNS.

Question 10

motor neuron=

Answer 10

carry signals from the CNS which helps organs including glands and muscles function

Question 11

relay neuron

Answer 11

carry messaged from one part of the CNS to another, connect motor and sensory neurons

Question 12

neuron disease =

Answer 12

motor neuron disease

Question 13

what is electric transmission

Answer 13

when a neuron is activated by a stimulus the inside of the cell becomes positively charged for a split second causing action potential to occur, creates electrical impulse which travels down the axon

Question 14

when is a neuron in resting state

Answer 14

the inside of a cell is negatively charged

Question 15

what causes action potential to occur

Answer 15

electric transmission

Question 16

what is a neuro transmitter

Answer 16

neurotransmitters are chemicals that diffuse across the synapse to the next neuron in the chain. they can affect mood and behaviour

Question 17

examples of neurotransmitters

Answer 17

seratonin, dopamine, melatonin, adrenaline

Question 18

what is excitation

Answer 18

excitation refers to when a neurotransmitter increases the positive charge of the post synaptic neuron

Question 19

what is inhibition

Answer 19

refers to when a neurotransmitter increases the negative charge of the post synaptic neuron

Question 20

what is the pituitary gland

Answer 20

the master gland, control of other glands

Question 21

thyroid gland =

Answer 21

produces thyroxin, for regulation of growth and metabolism

Question 22

adrenal gland =

Answer 22

produces adrenaline, responsible for fight or flight

Question 23

testes =

Answer 23

repsonsible for production of testosterone and male sexual behaviour

Question 24

fight or flight reponse =

Answer 24

sympathatic system

Question 25

optimal state =

Answer 25

parasympathatic system

Question 26

VASM

Answer 26

visual, auditory, sensory, motor

Question 27

POFT

Answer 27

parietal, frontal, temporal, occipital

Question 28

visual cortex

Answer 28

visual area

Question 29

auditory cortex

Answer 29

processing audio infomation

Question 30

motor cortex

Answer 30

controls volunatry movement in the opposite side of the body

Question 31

occipital lobe

Answer 31

houses visual cortext

Question 32

frontal lobe

Answer 32

personality

Question 33

occipital lobe

Answer 33

houses visual cortex

Question 34

temporal lobe

Answer 34

auditory area wernickes area

Question 35

damage to the speech area is called

Answer 35

brocas aphasia

Question 36

what is synaptic pruning

Answer 36

connections in the brain being strengthened

Question 37

brain is malleable

Answer 37

brain plasticity

Question 38

what happens to the brain after trauma

Answer 38

axonal sprouting, reformation of new blood vessels and recruitment of homologous areas on the opposite side of the brain

Question 39

3 types of brain scans

Answer 39

FRMI EEG ERP's = functional magnetic resonance imaging electroencephalogram event related potentials

Question 40

another way of examening besides scanning

Answer 40

post morten examination

Question 41

circadian rhythms

Answer 41

rhythms that last for 24h

Question 42

exogenous zetgeiber

Answer 42

external factors that have an impact on the bodys rhythm

Question 43

infradian rhythms

Answer 43

24h+

Question 44

example of infradian rhythms

Answer 44

menstrual cycle or SAD

Question 45

example of circadian rhythms

Answer 45

sleep/ wake cycle

Question 46

ultradium rhythms

Answer 46

-24h

Question 47

example of ultradium rhythms

Answer 47

stages of sleep

Question 48

stage 1 and 2

Answer 48

light sleep - easily woken

Question 49

stage 3 and 4

Answer 49

deeper sleep

Question 50

stage 5 REM

Answer 50

deepest sleep

Question 51

endogenouos pacemakers

Answer 51

bodys internal clocks

Question 52

the suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 52

bunch of tiny nerve cells locaed in the hypothalamus in each hemisphere of the brain - primary endogenous pacemaker and influential in maintaining circadian rhythms