Block 13 - Week 2

Question 1

B2 adrenergic agonists

Answer 1

B2 receptor stimulation in Lung causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle , bronchodilation and incr bronchial airflow. They are used manage asthma and other chronic obstructive airway diseases

Question 2

Salbutamol

Answer 2

B2- adrenergic agonist

Stimulates B2 adenoreceptors causing smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation , inhibits micro vascular leakage and enhances mucocilliary clearance

Question 3

Salmeterol

Answer 3

Long acting B-2 adrenoceptor agonist (LABA)

Used regularly it decr number and severity of asthma Attacks but not used for relieving an asthma attack that has already started

Duration of action lasts 12 hrs in comparison to 4-6 hrs of salbutamol

Causes bronchodilation by relaxing smooth muscle in the airway

Question 4

Budesonide

Answer 4

Anti-inflammatory corticosteroid

Asthma , Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis

Anti inflammatory action most likely due to inhibiton of immune cells such as mast cells , eosinophils , neutrophils , macrophages etc and mediators such as histamine , leukotriene and cytokines involved in allergic and non allergic mediated inflammation

Question 5

Montelukast

Answer 5

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

Alternative to anti inflammatory medication in asthma and exercise induced broncho spasm

Antagonises leukotriene D4 at the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor in human airway preventing airway oedema , smooth muscle contraction and enhanced secretion of thick , viscous mucus

Question 6

Ipratropium

Answer 6

Anti Cholinergic agent

Bronchodilator used in Cholinergic mediated broncho spasm associated with COPD or in the treatment of rhinorrhoea associated with the common cold etc

Ipratropium bromide non selectively inhibits muscurinic Cholinergic receptors resulting in a decrease in cGMO conc causing a decr in smooth muscle contraction thru effects of cGMP on calcium or myosin