Block one high yield Flashcards by Weston Tardy

pluripotent stem cell + IL-3

lymphoid progenitor

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pluripotent stem cell + IL-3 + GM-CSF

myeloid progenitor

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plasma vs serum?

plasma has fibrinogen

serum does not

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3 RBC cytoskeleton proteins:

spectrin

ankyrin

actin

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no ankyrin inRBC –> ?

hereditary spherocytosis

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myeloperoxidase

neutrophil

Azurophilic granule

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lysozyme

lactoferrin

neutrophilic specific granules

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gelatinase

tertiary granules

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major basic protein

cationic protein

Eosinophil specific granules

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Bid/Bax

pro-apoptotic

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Bcl-2/Bid

antiapoptotic

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genome: dsRNA segmented
tropism: pro-erythroblasts

travel to mountain west

Colorado tick fever virus

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genome: dsDNA
tropism: systemic; latent in CD34+ cells (monocyte–>macrophage)

heterophile Ab negative

Owl’s eyes cells

Congenital –> deafness

Cytomegalovirus

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genome: dsDNA
tropism: CD4+ T cells, others: PBMNCs, epithelial cells

exanthem subitum (aka roseola): rash that develops after a fever resolves

heterophile Ab negative mononuceosis

HHV6, HHV7

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genome: dsDNA

tropism:
Acute: epithelial cells of oropharynx (supports lytic life cycle)
Latent: B cells

infectious mononucleosis: Heterophile Ab positive mono

Burkitt lymphoma: t(8:14)
Hodgkin & non-Hodgkin lymphoma
nasopharyngeal lymphoma
X-linked lymphoproliferative disease: inherited mutation in SAP adapter

Epstein Bar virus

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genome: dsDNA
tropism: epithelial cells; B cells

in immunocompromised patients only:

primary effusion lymphoma

multifocal Castlemans disease

Karposis sarcoma virus

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genome: ssRNA + or -
tropism: erythroid progenitor cells

NO envelope

erythema infectiosum: fiery red rash on cheek.

Transient aplastic crisis: in patients with underlying anemia

parvovirus B19

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genome: ssRNA+
tropism: T-cells

Acute T cell lymphoma / leukemia (ATL): Viral transcription factor Tax drives proliferation; blocks apoptosis.

HAM/TSP: Inflammation on the spine

Human T-cell Lymphoma virus 1 and 2

1 > CD4’s

2> CD8’s

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genome: ssRNA -
tropism: macrophages
capsid: HELICAL

Hemorrhagic fever

Ebola

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T-cell zone of lymph node

paracortex (deep)

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Lymph flow through node…

Afferent lymphatic vessels

Subcapsular sinus

Trabecular sinus

Paracortical sinus

Medullary sinus

Efferent lymphatic vessel

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Prevents antigen in blood from entering thymic cortex

Blood-thymus barrier

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Largest lymphatic organ

spleen

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TLR ?

dsRNA

TLR 3

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TLR ? LPS

TLR 4

TLR ? Triacyl Lipoprotein

TLR 1 and 2

TLR ? Diacyl Lipoprotein

TLR 6 and 2

TLR ? flagellin

TLR 5

TLR ? ssRNA

TLR 7/8

TLR ? CpG-DNA

TLR 9

E-selectin binds:

CD-15

Leukocyte adhesion molecules:

CR3/LFA-1 ----- ICAM-1

GM-CSF + G-CSF + IL-3 = ?

neutrophil

GM-CSF + IL-3 + IL-5 = ?

eosinophil

GM-CSF + IL-3 + IL-4 = ?

basophil

GM-CSF + M-CSF + IL-3 = ?

monocyte

monocyte + M-CSF + GM-CSF = ?

macrophage

monocyte + GM-CSF + IL-4 = ?

dendrite

1. IL-3 | 2. SCF + IL-2

NK cell

No GM-CSF

Congenital neutropenia (no myeloid cells) inc. bacterial infx

microcytic, hypochromic RBCs anisocytosis (unequal size) poikilocytosis (funny shape) GI bleeding

Iron deficiency anemia **abnormal iron studies

Iron transporter in blood

transferrin

Iron state that binds O2

Fe2+ ferrous

Fe3+

ferric "methemoglobin"

craving dirt, ice, windex

Pica iron deficiency anemia

TIBC in Fe deficiency?

increased

ferritin in Fe deficiency

decreased

defective DNA synth B12/folate def **hypersegmented neuts**

Megaloblastic anemia

lack of intrinsic factor on gut epithilial cells

pernicious anemia **can't absorb B12

normochromic, normocytic spherocytes targets, sickles, fragmented RBCs

Hemolytic anemia

anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly **parvovirus maybe

Hereditary spherocytosis

IgG Spleen Spherocytes

Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

IgM, complement some intravascular hemolysis mostly spleen agglutination

Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia *IgM falls off in warm body parts

Isoniazid tx of TB associated with?

B6 deficiency

Increased indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin associated with?

hemolysis

Increased direct (conjugated) bilirubin associated with?

biliary obstruction

Sporadic Porphyria cutanea tarda associated with?

Hep C

Increased hepcidin?

Anemia of Chronic Disease

Vegan's don't absorb iron as well as meat eaters because?

Veggies have Fe3+ (ferric)

Long term Iron storage

hemosiderin

Lets Iron out of cells

Ferroprotin

Blocks ferroportin, keeping Fe in cells:

hepcidin

Increased Hepcidin probably means:

Anemia of chronic disease

Decreased hepcidin means:

iron over load----to much iron gets through ferroportin into blood

HFE gene mutation

hereditary hemachromatosis decreased hepcidin expression inc serum iron

Triad sx for hereditary hemachromatosis

1. DM 2. Hepatomegaly 3. Hyperpigmentation

Tx for hemachromatosis

phlebotomy