Blood and immune 1

Question 1

problem with circulation time

Answer 1

very fast so disease spreads quickly

Question 2

Blood functions

Answer 2

Transportation

Regulation - temperature, pH, salinity

Protection - Leakage control system: blood clotting
Immune system: surveillance circuit, white blood cells and antibody molecules

Question 3

Blood Components(2)

Answer 3

55% Plasma

45% Formed elements

Question 4

antigen

Answer 4

anything that stimulates the immune system

Question 5

Centrifuge order

Answer 5

plasma on top

formed elements bottom

Question 6

platelets function

Answer 6

clotting

Question 7

Plasma components

Answer 7

7% Proteins

91. 5% Water
92. 5% Solutes

Question 8

Plasma proteins

Answer 8

54% Albumin: osmotic balance and pH buffering
38% Globulins - Immunoglobulin (antibody molecule): defence
7% Fibrinogen: clotting

Question 9

Formed elements components

Answer 9

Platelets 2
WBC 3
RBC 99%

Question 10

White blood cell components

Answer 10

70% neutrophils (60-70%)
22% lymphocytes (20-25%)
Monocytes (3-8%)
Eosinophils (2-4%)
Basophils (0.5-1%)

Question 11

lymph flow

Answer 11

Some components of the blood pass through the capillary wall into tissue and become interstitial fluid, which re-circulates, returning to the blood via the ducts of the lymphatic system

Question 12

other solutes

Answer 12

such as electrolytes
nutrients
gases
regulatory substances
vitamins
waste products

Question 13

Plasma functions

Answer 13

It is the solvent for carrying other substances
osmotic balance
regulation of membrane permeability

Question 14

Clotting

Answer 14

It is automatic, a “blood clotting system” to seal circulation leaks, and involves cellular fragments (platelets) and a number of interacting proteins (specifically fibrinogen)

Question 15

Physical characteristics of blood?

Answer 15

• Vicious
• Without added anticoagulant, it will clot (I.e separates into a red gel and a straw coloured liquid called serum).
• the clot consists of blood cells trapped in a network of protein fibres formed by protein fibrin

Question 16

What is serum?

Answer 16

It is the plasma (non-cellular blood portion) minus the clotting proteins

Question 17

Volume of blood in adult and newborn

Answer 17

5L

300ml

Question 18

how much blood circulates through heart daily

Answer 18

14000L per day through heart

Question 19

Circulation time and amount in each pump

Answer 19

1 minute

70ml

Question 20

How much blood transports through capillary walls daily

Answer 20

3L daily
Becomes interstitial fluid
recirculates via ducts of lymphatic system

Question 21

RBC count

Answer 21

4.8 to 5.4 mill per ul

Question 22

Platelet count

Answer 22

150000 to 400000 per ul

Question 23

WBC count

Answer 23

5000-10000 per uL