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Blood Bank - Clinical Rotation > Blood Bank Makeup Exam Part 1 > Flashcards

Blood Bank Makeup Exam Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

At birth, infant cells are rich in ____ and ___ is nearly undetectable

I/i
None of the above
i/I
I/H

A

i/I

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2
Q

How is a weakly expressed D antigen detected?

Treating the cells with 2-ME
A positive indirect antiglobulin test
Treating the cells with DTT
A positive DAT

A

A positive indirect antiglobulin test

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3
Q

A patient’s cells and serum typed as ABO group O. The antibody screen and all panels were positive with all cells showing hemolysis at 37 degrees and agglutination after the addition of AHG. All crossmatched units reacted similarly. The same reactions were obtained at 4 degrees C and room temperature. The only negative result obtained was with the auto control and the direct antiglobulin test. What would you do next?

Test the cells with anti-H
Absorb the serum, it’s an autoantibody
Test the patient’s cell for poly-agglutin ability
Request a new sample

A

Test the patient’s cell for poly-agglutin ability

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4
Q

A mother, child, and an alleged father were HLA typed as follows:
Mother: A2. 28, B7, 35
Child: A1, 2; B8, 35
Alleged father: A1, 28; B7, 8
Choose from the following:

The man appears to be the father
The man is not the father
The test results are inconclusive

A

The man appears to be the father

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5
Q

An AB male mates with an AB female. What could be the genotype of the offspring?

BB
AA
All of the above
AB

A

All of the above

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6
Q

A freshly drawn serum sample, when tested against screen cells and panel cells hemolyzed every cell after the 37 C incubation. There were no cells left to react after washing and adding AHG. Which of the following antibodies could cause this type of reaction?

All of the above
Anti-Le(a)
Anti-A,B
Anti-Vel

A

All of the above

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7
Q

Secretor studies were performed on a patient to determine his ABO type. The tech found A blood group substance and H blood group substance. All of the controls worked. What is the patient’s ABO blood type?

Group B
Group O
Group A
Group AB

A

Group A

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8
Q

A sample of red blood cells from a healthy blood donor was typed with Lewis antisera with the following results:
Anti-Le(a): O
Anti-Le(b): 2+
What substance(s) is (Are) in the secretions?

Le(A) and Le(b) blood group substance
Neither of the Lewis blood group substances
Le(b) blood group substance only
Le(a) blood group substance only

A

Le(A) and Le(b) blood group substance

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9
Q

A patient’s history showed the following antibodies: Anti-D, Anti-Fy(a), Anti-M and anti-Jk(a). Which might not be detected in the sample because it is notorious for becoming non-detectable over time?

Anti- Fy(a)
Anti-Jk(a)
Anti-D
Anti-M

A

Anti-M or Jk(a)

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10
Q

What is an advantage of using monoclonal anti-D?

Provides a low-protein medium and decreases chances of spontaneous agglutination

Rh control is never required

Eliminates reactions caused by rouleaux in unwashed samples

Du testing eliminated

A

Provides a low-protein medium and decreases chances of spontaneous agglutination

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11
Q

Persons who have inherit the In(Lu) gene show a decreased expression of which of the following antigens:

Fy(a)
Le(a)
Jk(a)
P1

A

P1

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12
Q

If anti-N is identified in the serum of a group B person, what might their reverse (serum) ABO grouping be incorrectly interpreted as?

O
AB
A
B

A

O

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13
Q

The Jk(a) and Jk(B) antigens exhibit dosage. Therefore, if a person inherits the homozygous genotype Jk(a+b-), their red cells will react ________ with anti-Jk(a) than a person with a heterozygous genotype of Jk(+B+).

Mixed field
None of the above
Weaker
Stronger

A

Stronger

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14
Q

A patient’s cells were reported as follows: Rh: 1, -2, 3, 4, 5. What antibody can he make?

Anti-e
Anti-C
Anti-D
Anti-E

A

Anti-C

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15
Q

A patient’s cell suspension was suspended in their own plasma instead of using saline, and then used to perform the ABO type. The patient typed as group O. This same cell sample was also used for testing with anti-H, and the results were negative. All controls reacted appropriately. The antibody screen was negative at room temperature, 37C, and AHG. Choose from the following.

The patient’s cells should have been washed prior to testing
The anti-H was deteriorated
The sample may be contaminated
The patient has Bombay phenotype

A

The patient has Bombay phenotype

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16
Q

If an Rh (D) positive male mates with an Rh (D) positive female, what percent of their offspring could be Rh negative- statistically speaking?

50%
75%
25%
None

A

None

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17
Q

A sample of blood was found to have anti-Jk3. That means the person’s red blood cells were negative for both Jk(a) and Jk(b). In which of the following ethnic groups would you have the best chance of finding red blood cells that are Jk(a-b-)?

Asian
American Indian
English
African

A

Asian

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18
Q

Most Rh antibodies are of what immunoglobulin class?

IgM
IgG
IgA
IgE

A

IgG

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19
Q

All of the following may cause false negative reaction in Rh typing EXCEPT:

Failure to follow manufacturer’s directions
Resuspension too vigorous
Reagent deterioration
Rouleaux

A

Rouleaux

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20
Q

A group A woman and a group B man had a child together. What percent of the offspring could be group O?

25%
100%
50%
75%

A

25%

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21
Q

The anti-D found in chemically modified antisera reacts with D positive red blood cells at immediate spin. Explain.

The IgG antibody is mixed with high molecular weight substances so that it will react at immediate spin

The anti-D is an IgM antibody which reacts best at immediate spin

The antibody is actually IgG antibody in which the hinge region has been broken so that it can span the repulsive distance between red cells

The reagent is a mixture of monoclonal IgM and polyclonal IgG antibodies; Therefore, it will react at immediate spin

A

The antibody is actually IgG antibody in which the hinge region has been broken so that it can span the repulsive distance between red cells

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22
Q

What is the frequency of the c antigen In the general population? (Not sure if C or c, but C is 70% and c is 80%)

20%
30%
70%
80%

A

80%

23
Q

What substances would be present in the saliva of a person with the following genes: B, H, Se, le

H blood group substance only

H, B, Le(a), and Le(b) blood group substance

H and B blood group substance

Le(a) and Le(b) blood group substance

A

H and B blood group substance

24
Q

What would be the probable genotype of a patient who phenotypes as AB Le(a-b-)?

Lele Sese hh OO
LeLe sese hh AB
lele sese Hh OO
lele sese HH AB

A

lele sese HH AB

25
Q

Red cells were ficin treated to help rule out anti-S from a panel study. Cells not treated 2+ at 37C and 3+ after the addition of AHG. Ficin treated cells demonstrated a ____ reaction with the patient’s serum containing anti-S.

2+
Negative
4+
3+

A

Negative

26
Q

Which of the following Rh typing antisera REQUIRE that a control always be tested?

High protein
Saline reactive IgM
Chemically modified
Monoclonal/polyclonal blend

A

High protein

27
Q

A patient was diagnosed with fascioliasis (bovine liver fluke disease). What antibody may be found in the serum of this patient?

Anti-Jk(a)
Anti-P1
Anti-I
Anti-H

A

Anti-P1

28
Q

The dominant null phenotype in this blood group system also suppresses the P1, ii, In(b), AnWj, MER2, and Cd44 antigens. Which blood group system is it?

Rh
Dombrock
Lewis
Lutheran

A

Lutheran

29
Q

Which of the following is most likely to be the most immunogenic?

A lipid with a molecular weight of 50,000 Da
A nucleic acid with a molecular weight of 60,000 Da
A polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 40,000 Da
A protein with a molecular weight of 45,000 Da

A

A protein with a molecular weight of 45,000 Da

30
Q

The purpose of negative selection of B cells is to:

Eliminate B cells that don’t express mu.

Direct more B cells to become plasma cells

Eliminate B cells that are specific for self-antigens

Prevent activation of B-cells in the bone marrow

A

Eliminate B cells that are specific for self-antigens

31
Q

MHC class I protein is found on:

All nucleated cells
Stem cells only
B cells and macrophages only
Red blood cells

A

All nucleated cells

32
Q

Which of the following is directly used in oxidative killing of target cells?

TNF-alpha
Lysozyme
Hydrogen peroxide
Defensin

A

Lysozyme

33
Q

Which immunoglobulin appears in the highest titer in the secondary response?

IgM
IgD
IgA
IgG

A

IgG

34
Q

Which cytokine is involved in natural immunity?

IL-S
IL-2
IL-4
IL-6

A

IL-6

35
Q

The C3 convertase of the alternative pathway of complement activation is:

C4b2a
C4b2a3b
C3bBb
C3bB

A

C3bBb

36
Q

Which immunoglobulin can cross the placenta?
IgA
IgE
IgG
IgM

A

IgG

37
Q

Which option best describes the nature of Il-2?

Is made by macrophages
Causes lysis of tumor cells
Down regulated the immune response
Activates T-helper cells

A

Activates T-helper cells

38
Q

Which type of leukocyte is identified by an ability to form rosettes with sheep red blood cells?

B cell
Natural killer cell
T cell
Plasma cell

A

T cell

39
Q

Which of the following is a cause for nonimmune platelet refractoriness?

Sepsis
Splenomegaly
Fever
All of the above

A

All of the above

40
Q

Which of the following can cause a false neg when Rh typing

Resuspending too vigorously
Cell sus too heavy
Fibrin interference
Cold agg

A

Resuspending too vigorously

41
Q

Why is it acceptable for “C-trans” individuality to receive D-pos red cells?

The Rh ag on the red cell is normal

The structure of D ag is normal

The weak D is of steric complications

All of the above

A

The weak D is of steric complications

42
Q

Anti-I is found in association with what microorganism?

A

M. pneumoniae

43
Q

If anti-I is suspected in a patient who is group A, which of the following cells would be most useful in ID of anti-I

Group O adult cells that are H neg

Group AB cord that are i neg

Group AB adult, I neg

Group O cord that are I neg

A

Group O adult cells that are H neg

44
Q

Pregnant women usually express which Lewis phenotype?

A

Le(a-b-)

45
Q

The dominant null phenotype in this blood group system also suppresses the P1, i, In(b), AnWj and CD44. Which blood group is it?

Lewis
Rh
Lu
Dombrock

A

Lu

46
Q

Persons with this syndrome lack the Kx antigen and have reduced expression of the kell blood group

A

McLeod syndrome

47
Q

Cells were typed as follows using the monoclonal antisera shown:
Anti-D (=)
Anti-C(=)
Anti-E(=)
anti-c(+)
anti-e(+)
What ab can be made?

A

anti-C,D,E

48
Q

A patient was recently diagnosed with an obstructive bowel and became septic from Proteus (yaaasss proteussss)

A

Acquired B

49
Q

What is the def of platelet refractoriness

A 5000ul rise in circulating plt count 1 hour after infusion of adequate numbers of plts

A failure to achieve a rise in circulating plt count 1 hr after infusion of adequate number of plts

A failure to achieve a rise in circulating plt count 24 hr after infusion of adequate number of plts

Satellites around neutrophils

A

A failure to achieve a rise in circulating plt count 1 hr after infusion of adequate number of plts

50
Q

Secretor studies were performed on a person who expressed weak reaction in forward grouping. Only B and H substances in saliva. What is the persons ABO group?

A
B
O
AB

A

B

51
Q

Mcleod syndrome is associated with which blood group system

A

Kell

52
Q

A group A woman and group B man had a child together. What percent of the offspring could be O?

A

25%

53
Q
A

Blood Bank - Clinical Rotation (17 decks)

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