Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P cardio system part 2 > Blood vessel CS part 2 > Flashcards

Blood vessel CS part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what are part of the cardio system & comprise the portion commonly referred to as the circulatory system

A

Blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two sets of blood vessels?

A

pulmonary and systemic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What. vessel transports blood from L ventricle through body and back to R atrium?

A

Systemic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What vessel transport blood form R ventricle though lungs and back to L atrium?

A

Pulmonary Vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the three main type of vessels that form continuous passageway from heart, body, back to heart?

A

Arteries, capillaries, Veins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In blood vessels, internal to outer walls consist of 3 tissue layers, what are they?

A

Tunica intima/inetrna (inner)
Tunica Media ( middle)
Tunica externa (outer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The internal layer of Tunica Interna consist of 4 layers, what are they?

A
  1. Endothelium
  2. Basement membrane
  3. Lamina Propria
  4. Internal Elastic Membrane
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What layer separates Tunica internal from tunica media?

A

Internal Elastic Membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

An increase in blood vessel diameter resulting from smooth muscle relaxation

A

Vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A decrease in blood vessel diameter, resulting from contraction of these smooth muscles

A

Vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In tunica media, what increases blood flow through vessels?

A

Vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In tunica media, what decreases blood flow through vessels ?

A

Vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the tunica media consist of ?

A

Smooth muscle and External Elastic membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In what specific muscle does vasoconstriction and vasodilation take place?

A

Smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What tissue is the Tunica Externa made up of ?

A

Connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the type of arteries?

A

Elastic, muscular, and arterioles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A blood leaves ventricles, what are the steps is takes to transition to other arteries?

A

first travels through elastic arteries, which transition to muscular arteries, then to arterioles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which arteries recoil when stretched to prevent blood pressure from falling rapidly?

A

Elastic arteries because it has a lot of elastic tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

which arteries is affected by fluctuations in blood pressure ?

A

Elastic Arteries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which two membranes merge in the elastic arteries?

A

Internal & external elastic membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What artery wall has meshwork of elastic fibers & interspersed smooth muscle, some collagenous fiber?

A

Tunica Media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is the blood pressure relatively high due to closeness to ventricles ?

A

Elastic arteries (conduction arteries)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where can all 3 layers of artery wall can be identified?

A

The arterioles arteries, smallest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the most common type of blood vessel?

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where do the RBCs flow through in single file & are frequently folded?

A

In smallest capillaries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What arteries exchanges between blood & interstitial spaces ?

A

Across thin walls of capillaries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Capillaries consist of internal layer of tunica intima made of simple squamous epithelial cells called

A

Endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Scattered fibroblasts, macrophages, un differentiated smooth muscle fibers that are located between basement membrane & endothelial cells

A

Pericapillary cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Where can you find pericapillary cells?

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the 3 types of capillaries ?

A

Continuous, 7-9um in diamter
fenestrated , 70-100nnm diameter
Sinusoidal, larger than the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which capillary has no gaps in the walls between endothelial cells

A

Continuous Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What type of capillary is located in muscle nervous tissue & locations?

A

Continuous Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Found in tissues where capillaries are highly permeable.

A

Fenestrated Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Gaps can exist between endothelial cells in what capillaries?

A

Sinusoidal Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What capillary exist in places where large molecules & sometime whole cells move across the capillary wall. Ex) liver, endocrine gland

A

Sinusoidal Capillaries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Capillary substances cross capillary walls by diffusing through

A

endothelial cells and fenestrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Where does the lipid soluble substances (O2 & CO2) and small, water soluble molecules readily diffuse through the endothelial cells?

A

Capillary premeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What must pass through fenestrae or gaps between endothelial cells in the capillary permeability?

A

Larger water soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What can be a possible transport mechanism in the capillary permeability?

A

Pinocytosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Where does capillaries form branching networks in?

A

Tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What role do arterioles have in capillary nnetwork?

A

Supply blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What are metarterioles?

A

short vessels between arterioles & capillary network

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

From where does blood flow through thoroughfare channel to a venule ?

A

From metarterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What forms precapillary sphincters?

A

Branches of capillary bed that have isolated sections of circular smooth muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What regulates the blood in capillary branches ?

A

Constriction of precapillary sphincters.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What capillaries is closer to arterioles?

A

Arterial capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What capillary is closer to venules?

A

Venous Capillaries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Blood flows into venules, the smallest veins from where?

A

Capillary network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

In what kind of tissues are capillary networks are more extensive ?

A

Highly metabolic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Capillaries in skin assist with what ?

A

thermoregulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What allows for exchange of nutrients & waste products ?

A

Capillaries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

From Capillaries, where does blood flow to next?

A

Viens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What walls are thinners than walls of arteries?

A

Wall of Veins

54
Q

What has less elastic tissue & less smooth muscle fibers?

A

Viens

55
Q

When will the vein diameter & thickness of wall increase?

A

As blood flows towards the heart.

56
Q

Veins classified by size are called

A

Venules, small veins, medium/large veins

57
Q

What is the smallest veins?

A

Venules, diameter up to 50

58
Q

What happens to the veins as they approach the heart ?

A

Veins increase in size.

59
Q

Which vein is intima, media, and externa present ?

A

Medium & large veins.

60
Q

Via what are capillary networks connected too in some areas of the body?

A

via Portal veins.

61
Q

What are the 3 portal vein systems?

A

Hepatic portal veins , hypothalamohypophysical portal veins, renal nephron portal systems.

62
Q

Which portal vein carries blood from capillaries in GI tract & spleen to capillaries in liver?

A

Hepatic

63
Q

Which portal vein carries blood from capillaries in hypothalamus to capillaries in anterior pituitary gland?

A

Hypothalamohypophysical portal vein

64
Q

what vein portal is associated with urine forming structures in kidneys ?

A

Renal nephron portal system.

65
Q

What do veins with diameters of >2mm have?

A

Valves

66
Q

what is made of folds in tunica intima, forming flaps which overlap in the middle?

A

Valves

67
Q

What ensures one way flow of blood ?

A

Valves

68
Q

What forms capillary network for tunica externa & media?

A

Vasa vasorum

69
Q

what penetrate the vessel from exterior?

A

Vasa vasorum

70
Q

Nerve fibers branch to form plexuses in

A

tunica externa and project into tunica media.

71
Q

What are innervated by sympathetic nerve fibers?

A

Most of blood vessel walls.

72
Q

What causes constriction?

A

Sympathetic stimulation

73
Q

what causes dilation?

A

parasympathetic

74
Q

What are the 3 major arteries of the arm?

A

Subclavian artery, axillary artery, and brachial artery.

75
Q

What arteries does the brachial artery divides at elbow?

A

Radial & Ulnar artery

76
Q

What artery supplies blood to forearm, hand, and fingers?

A

Radial & Ulnar Artery

77
Q

What artery branches from the palmar arches to supply digits?

A

Digital arteries.

78
Q

What is portion of the descending aorta superior to the diaphragm?

A

Thoracic aorta

79
Q

Where can you find structures like the heart, lungs, & respiratory passages, esophagus, ribcage?

A

Thoracic cavity.

80
Q

What is portion of the descending aorta inferior to diaphragm?

A

Abdominal Aorta

81
Q

Where can you find structures like digestive organs, small & large intestines, liver, kidneys, adrenal glands, gonads?

A

Abdominal aorta

82
Q

what kind of Branches thoracic aorta divides into 2 groups?

A

Visceral and parietal branches.

83
Q

What supplies portions of thoracic organs?

A

Visceral arteries/branches

84
Q

What branch supplies the portion of thoracic wall?

A

Parietal branch.

85
Q

What supplies the diaphragm ?

A

Superior Phrenic Arteries

86
Q

What supplies thoracic wall beginning at posterior of body?

A

Posterior intercostals.

87
Q

What other sources of blood supplies the thoracic wall?

A

Internal thoracic wall, gives rise to anterior intercostals.

88
Q

What supplies small intestine, parts of large intestine?

A

Superior Mesenteric Artery

89
Q

What supplies adrenal glands?

A

Suprarenal arteries.

90
Q

What supplies the kidneys?

A

Renal Arteries.

91
Q

What supplies gonads?

A

Gonadal Arteries.

92
Q

What supplies portions of large intestine, rectum?

A

Inferior mesenteric artery.

93
Q

Celiac Trunk, Superior Mesenteric artery, suprarenal artery, renal, gonadal, and inferior mesenteric are all part of what branch?

A

Visceral branch from the abdominal aorta.

94
Q

Inferior phrenic arteries, lumbar arteries, and median sacral artery are all part of what branch ?

A

Parietal Branches from the abdominal aorta.

95
Q

What supplies the diaphragm in the parietal branches?

A

Inferior phrenic arteries.

96
Q

What artery from the parietal branch supplies back and abdominal wall?

A

Lumbar Arteries.

97
Q

What artery in the parietal branches supplies inferior vertebrae?

A

Median sacral artery.

98
Q

What artery of the pelvis supplies the pelvic area?

A

Internal iliac arteries.

99
Q

Are Superficial veins larger or smaller than deep veins in limbs?

A

In limbs, smaller than deep veins

100
Q

In head and trunk, larger or smaller than deep veins?

A

Larger than deep veins. ex. internal jugular vein

101
Q

What 3 veins returns deoxygenated blood when it is returned to R Atrium ?

A

Coronary sinus, superior vena cava, and inferior vena cava.

102
Q

What returns blood from cardiac veins, which drain walls of heart?

A

Coronary sinus

103
Q

Returns blood from head neck, thorax, upper limbs

A

Superior vena cava

104
Q

returns blood from abdomen pelvis and lower limbs

A

Inferior vena cava

105
Q

What are two major veins that drain blood from head & neck

A

External & internal jugular veins

106
Q

What veins drains into subclavian vein?

A

External Jugular veins

107
Q

Drain blood from superficial surface of posterior head & neck

A

External jugular veins
(more superficial & smaller)

108
Q

Larger & deeper veins that drain blood from cranial cavity brain & anterior head, face, neck

A

internal jugular veins

109
Q

formed from continuation of venous sinuses of cranial cavity

A

INternal jugular veins

110
Q

Merges with subclavian vein to form brachioephalic veins

A

Internal Jugular veins

111
Q

Upper limb are primarily drained by what veins? (CBB)

A

Cephalic vein, Basilic vein, and Brachial veins

112
Q

What 3 major veins return blood form the thorax to the superior vena cava? (LRA)

A

Left brachiocephalic vein, right brachiocephalic vein, and azygos vein

113
Q

From what vein will Blood from anterior thoracic wall drain into

A

brachiocephalic veins

114
Q

What vein will blood from posterior thoracic wall drains into ?

A

Azygos vein on the R side, hemiazygos vein or Accessory hemiazygos vein on L side

115
Q

Blood from the posterior abdominal wall drains into ?

A

Ascending lumbar veins

116
Q

Blood from the rest of the abdomen, pelvis, lower
limbs drains into

A

Inferior vena cava

117
Q

What determines blood movement through vessels?

A

Flow, Resistance, and pressure.

118
Q

What Movement of blood is in smooth, concentric, parallel fashion

A

Laminar flow

119
Q

What flow of blood in center is the quickest?

A

Laminar flow

120
Q

What flow in outer “rings” subject to resistance from vessel wall (slower)?

A

Laminar flow

121
Q

What flow is the movement of fluid through vessels in a non parallel fashion

A

Turbulent flow

122
Q

What is caused by numerous small current, flowing at angles and form whorls ?

A

Turbulent flow

123
Q

What happens to the rate of flow when rate of flow is excessively high?

A

Flow is turbulent

124
Q

When there is a constriction/angle/rough surface in vessel wall and vibrations that can be audible through stethoscope, what is the flow?

A

Turbulent flow

125
Q

What is a measure of the force blood exerts against blood vessel walls?

A

Blood pressure

126
Q

What is the most common method for measuring blood pressure?

A

Auscultatory method

127
Q

What vessel “opens” with sufficient blood pressure while taking blood pressure?

A

Vessel lumen

128
Q

Are there any sounds when the cuff inflates brachial artery until it is compressed?

A

NO sounds

129
Q

When pressure in cuff is released in turbulent flow, what sounds first occur at SBP?

A

Sounds of Korotkoff

130
Q

When pressure in cuff is released in laminar flow resumes with DBP with no sounds.

A

TRUE

A&P cardio system part 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions