Exam 4 Review cards

Question 1

What is the difference between mechanical & chemical digestion ?

Answer 1

Mechanical- mastication & mixing ! (begins process of digestion. Decreases surface area of food. )

Chemical- enzymatic breakdown.

Ex. Carbs–> monosaccharids
proteins —> amino acids

Question 2

Types of mixing and propulsive movement

Answer 2

1. Swallowing– moves a bolus from oral cavity to esophagus.
2. Peristalsis- peristalic waves include a wave of relaxation of circular muscles in front of the mass of food followed by a contraction behind the mass of food.
3. Mass movements- contractions that move material in distal large intestine to anus.

Mixing movement of food in a back and forth manner.

1. mixing waves - gentle contractions in stomach- churn food with gastric secretions.
2. segmental contractions- mix food with digestive secretions in small intestine.

• segments of small intestine alternate between contraction & relaxation, spreading material in both directions.

Question 3

Oral cavity

Answer 3

Vestibule- space between lips