Blue foods 1 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What was the total production of world fisheries and aquaculture in 2018?
Around 179Mt
This figure has stabilized since 2018.
What portion of the total fish production comes from capture fisheries?
Around 90Mt
Capture fisheries landings have remained relatively constant since the 1990s.
How much has aquaculture production increased from 1990 to 2018?
Increased over four-fold from 22Mt to 88Mt
This includes growth in both marine and inland aquaculture.
What percentage of all aquaculture does marine aquaculture account for?
~40%
Marine aquaculture is a significant part of overall aquaculture production.
How much has human consumption of aquatic animals increased?
Almost doubled
Per capita consumption has also increased by 1.4 times.
What was the total first sale value of global fish production?
US$406bn
Over a third of this production is exported, valued at more than US$150bn.
How much did global annual per capita fish consumption grow from 1961 to 2020?
From 9.0kg to 20.2kg
This growth rate is much higher than all other animal protein.
What was the fish consumption in low income food-deficit countries (LIFDCs) in 2017?
9.3kg
This is an increase from 4.0kg in 1961.
What are fishmeal and fish oil primarily produced from?
Small pelagic fish
These products are mainly used for aquaculture.
What has replaced fish in many food products like biscuits?
Palm oil
This has led to a shift in the use of fishmeal and fish oil.
What is the impact of increasing demand for fishmeal on fisheries?
Increases pressure on fishery resources
This impacts food security and livelihoods.
True or False: The growth rate of fish consumption has kept pace with human population growth.
False
Fish consumption increased at twice the rate of human population from 1961 to 2019.
How many people are employed in capture fisheries and aquaculture worldwide?
60 million
39 million in capture fisheries and 21 million in aquaculture
What percentage of the global fisheries workforce is based in Asia?
84%
Followed by Africa (10%), Americas (4%), and Euro and Oceania (1% each)
What percentage of the directly employed workforce in primary capture or aquaculture are women?
21%
Women make up ~50% of the workforce in post-harvest operations
What proportion of animal aquaculture is freshwater?
90%
This includes freshwater fish
What is the composition of marine and coastal aquaculture in terms of shelled molluscs, finfish, and crustaceans?
- Shelled molluscs: 53%
- Finfish: 25%
- Crustaceans: 21%
How many distinct taxonomic units were recorded in aquaculture production in 2022 by FAO?
625 distinct taxonomic units
Including 494 individual species
What percentage of global animal protein intake is accounted for by fish consumption as of 2019?
17%
Fish provided more than 3.3 billion people with 20% of their average per capita intake of animal protein
Which countries have fish consumption reaching 50% of animal protein intake?
- Bangladesh
- Cambodia
- The Gambia
- Ghana
- Indonesia
- Sierra Leone
- Sri Lanka
- Several Small Island Developing States (SIDS)
What are some important nutrients provided by fish?
- Omega-3 fatty acids
- Essential amino acids
- Vitamins (A, B, D)
- Minerals (iron, calcium, zinc, selenium)
What is the impact of fish consumption on micronutrient deficiencies in LIFDCs?
It can directly reduce deficiencies and help correct high-calorie low-micronutrient diets
LIFDCs: Low-Income Food-Deficit Countries
What are the three pathways through which aquatic animal source foods improve human health?
- Reduce micronutrient deficiencies
- Provide omega-3 fatty acids
- Displace less-healthy red and processed meats
Which types of fish are higher in calcium, iron, and zinc?
Tropical fish
Smaller fish are also higher in these nutrients
