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Medical Terminology > Body Structure Ch.4 > Flashcards

Body Structure Ch.4 Flashcards

1
Q

Ascites

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity

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2
Q

Edema

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces

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3
Q

Febrile

A

Pertaining to a fever

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4
Q

Gangrene

A

Death and decay of soft tissue, usually caused by circulatory obstruction, trauma, or infection

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5
Q

Hernia

A

Protrusion of any organ through the structure that normally contains it

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6
Q

Inflammation

A

Body defense against injury, infection, or allergy marked by redness, swelling, heart, pain and, sometimes, loss of function

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7
Q

Mycosis

A

Any fungal infection in or on the body

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8
Q

Perforation

A

Hold that completely penetrates a structure

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9
Q

Peritonitis

A

Inflammation of the peritoneum, the serous membrane that surrounds the abdominal cavity and coves its organs

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10
Q

Rupture

A

Sudden breaking of bursting of w structure or organ

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11
Q

Sepsis

A

Pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream

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12
Q

Suppuration

A

Producing or associated with the generation of pus

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13
Q

Infusion therapy

A

Delivery of fluids directly into the blood stream via a vein for treating various disorders; also called IV

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14
Q

Ablation

A

Removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio frequency

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15
Q

Anastomosis

A

Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

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16
Q

Cauterize

A

Destruction of tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals

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17
Q

Curettage

A

Scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called curette

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18
Q

Incision and drainage

A

Incision made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from w wound or cavity

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19
Q

Laser surgery

A

Use a high intensity laser light beam to remove diseased tissues, stop bleeding blood vessels, or for cosmetic purposes

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20
Q

Resection

A

Removal of party or all of a structure, organ, or tissue

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21
Q

Revision

A

Surgical procedure used to replace or compensate for a previously implanted device or correct an undesirable result or effort of a previous surgery

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22
Q

Inspection

A

General observation of the patient as a whole, progressing to specific body areas

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23
Q

Palpation

A

Gentle application of the hands to a specific structure or body area to determine size, consistency, texture, symmetry, and tenderness of underlying structures

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24
Q

Percussion

A

Tapping a structure with the hand or finger to asses consistency and the presence or absence of fluids within the underlying structure

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25
Auscultation
Listening to the heart, bowel, and lungs with of without a stethoscope to asses the presence and quality of sounds
26
Endoscopy
Visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope
27
Blood chemistry analysis
Laboratory test, usually performed on serum, to evaluate various substances to determine whether they fall within a normal range
28
Complete blood count (CBC)
Panel of blood test as a broad screening test anemia so, infections, and other diseases
29
Organ-disease panels
Series of blood tests used to evaluate a specific organ (liver panel) or disease (anemia panel)
30
Computed tomography (CT)
Imaging technique in which an x-ray emitter rotates around the area to be scanned and a computerized axial tomography
31
Fluoroscopy
Technique in which x-Rays are direct d through the body to w fluorescent screen that displays internal structures in continuous motion
32
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field, rather than an x-ray beam, to produce highly detailed, multi planner, cross-sectional views of soft tissues
33
Nuclear scan
Technique in which a radioactive material (radio pharmaceutical) called a tracer is introduced into the body (inhalers, ingest, or injected) and a specialized camera is used to produce images of organs and structure.
34
Position emission tomography (PET)
Compound tomography records the positrons (positive charged particles) emitted from a radiolpharmaceutical to produce a cross-sectional image of metabolic activity of body tissue to determine the presence of disease
35
Radiography
Technique in which x-Rays are passed through the body or area and captured on film to generate an image; also called x-ray
36
Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
Radiological technique that integrates compute tomography and a radioactive material injected into the bloodstream to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs
37
Ultrasonography (US)
High-frequency sound waves are directed at soft tissue and reflected as "echoes" to produce an image on s monitor of an internal body structure
38
Biopsy
Removal of a representative tissue sample from a body sit for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis
39
Excisional
Biopsy in which the entire lesion is removed
40
Incisional
Biopsy in which only a small sample of the lesion is removed
41
AP
Anteriorpostierior
42
CBC
Complete blood count
43
Dx
Diagnosis
44
I&D
Incision and drainage
45
Sx
Symptom
46
Tx
Treatment
47
US
Ultrasound, ultrasonography
48
Midsagittal
Right and left halves
49
Coronal
Anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) aspects
50
Transverse
Superior (upper) and inferior (lower) aspects
51
Cranial
Brain
52
Spinal
Spinal cord
53
Thoracic
Heart, lungs, and associated structures
54
Abdominalpelvic
Digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs and structures
55
Right hypochondriac region
Upper right lateral region beside the ribs
56
Epigastric
Upper middle region
57
Left hypochondriac
Upper left lateral region beneath the ribs
58
Tight upper lumbar
Middle right lateral
59
Umbilical
Region of the naval
60
Left lumbar
Middle left lateral region
61
Right inguinal
Lower right lateral region
62
Hypogastric
Lower middle region
63
Left inguinal
Lower left lateral region
64
Abduction
Movement away
65
Adduction
Movement toward
66
Medial
Pertaining to the midline of the body or structure
67
Inferior (caudal)
Away from the head, or toward the tail or lower part of a structure
68
Lateral
Pertaining to a side
69
Superior (cephalad)
Toward the head or upper portion of a structure
70
Proximal
Nearer to the cent or to the point of attachment
71
Distal
Further from the center or from the point of attachment
72
Anterior (ventral)
Front of the body
73
Posterior (dorsal)
Back of the body
74
Parietal
Pertaining to the outer all of the body cavity
75
Visceral
Pertaining to the viscera, or internal organs, especially the abdominal organs
76
Prone
Lying on the abdomen, face down
77
Supine
Lying horizontal on back
78
Inversion
Turning inward
79
Eversion
Turning outward
80
Palmar
Pertaining to the palm of the body (external)
81
Deep
Away from the surface of the body (internal)
82
Cyt/o
Cell
83
Hist/o
Tissue
84
Kary/o
Nucleus
85
Poster/o
Back, behind body
86
Ventr/o
Belly, belly side
87
Cervic
Neck; neck of uterus
88
Crani/o
Cranium
89
Ili/o
Ilium
90
Inguin
Groin
91
Lumb/o
Loins (lower back)
92
Chlor
Green
93
Chrom/o
Color
94
Cirrh/o, xanth/o
Yellow
95
Acr/o
Extremity
96
Eti/o
Cause
97
Somat/o
Body
98
Son/o
Sound
99
Xer/o
Dry
100
Peri
Around
101
Etiology
Is the study of the cause or origin of a disease or disorder
102
What are the two major cavities?
Dorsal( cranial and spinal cavities), and ventral (thoracic and Abdominalpelvic cavities)
103
Levels of organization
Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organ, organ system, organism
104
Adhesion
Abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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