Integumentary System Ch.5 Flashcards
1
Q
Epidermis
A
The outer layer of the skin
2
Q
What are the deepest layer of the Epidermis?
A
Stratum Corneum and Basal Layer
3
Q
Dermatology
A
is the medical specialty concerned with diseases that directly affect the skin and systematic diseases that manifest their effects on the skin
4
Q
Homeostasis
A
Is a state in which the regulatory mechanisms of the body maintain an internal environment within tolerable levels
5
Q
Dermatomycosis
A
Is the infection of the skin caused by fungi
6
Q
Ichthyosis
A
Abnormal condition of dry or scaly skin
7
Q
Hidradenitis
A
The inflammation of the sweat glands
8
Q
Scleroderma
A
The hardening of the skin
9
Q
Abrev. CA
A
Cancer; Chronological age; Cardic arrest
10
Q
Abrev. C&S
A
Culture and Sensitivity
11
Q
Abrev. IV
A
Intravenous
12
Q
Abrev. TNM
A
Tumor-Node_Metastasis
13
Q
Abrev. BX
A
Biopsy
14
Q
Antifungal Drugs
A
Nystatin, Itraconazole
15
Q
Antihistamine drugs
A
Diphenhydramine, and loratadine
16
Q
Antiprasitic drugs
A
Lindane and Permethrin
17
Q
Antiseptic Drugs
A
Ethyl or isopropyl alcohol / hydrogen peroxide
18
Q
Cortiocosteriods drugs
A
hydrocortisone or triamcinolone
19
Q
Keratolytic drugs
A
Tretinoin
20
Q
Protectives tretment
A
Lotions or ointments
21
Q
Topical anesthetics drugs
A
lidocaine or proccaine
22
Q
Topical Anesthetics
A
Block sensation of pain by numbing the skin layers and mucous membranes
23
Q
Protective
A
Cover, cool, dry, or soothe inflamed skin
24
Q
Keratolytics
A
Destroys and soften the outer layer of the skin so that it is sloughed off or shed
25
Corticosteriods
Decrease inflammation and itching by suppressing the immune system's inflammatory response to tissue damage
26
Antiseptics
Topically applied agents that inhibit growth of bacteria, thus preventing infections in cuts, scratches, and surgical incisions
27
Antiparasitics
Kills insect parasites, such as mites and lice
28
Antihistamines
Inhibit allergic reactions of inflammation, redness, and itching caused by the release of histamine
29
Antifungals
Alter the cell wall of fungi or disrupt enzyme activity, resulting in cell death
30
Fulguration
Tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current
31
photodynamic therapy (PDT)
Procedure in which cells selectively treated with an agent called a photo-sensitizer are exposed to light to produce a reaction that destroys the cells
32
biopsy
representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination
33
frozen section (FS)
ultrathin slice of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination
34
needle
removal of small tissue sample for examination using a hallow needle, usually attached to a syringe
35
punch
removal of a small core of tissue using a hallow punch
36
shave
removal of elevated lesions using a surgical blade
37
Mohs
Layers of cancer-containing skin are progressively removed and examined until only cancer-free tissue remains
38
Skin Graft
Transplantation of healthy tissue to an injured site
39
Allograft
transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person; also called hemograft
40
Autograft
Transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual
41
Synthetic
Transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arragnged in a lattice pattern
42
Xenograft
Transplantation from a foreign donor (a pig) and transferred to a human; aka heterograft
43
Allergy Skin Test
Any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patient's sensitivity to it
44
Intradermal
Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amount of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction
45
Patch
Skin test that identifies allergic contact dermatitis by applying a suspected allergen to a patch which is then taped on the skin, usually forearm, and observing the area 24 hours later for an allergic response
46
Scratch
Skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin; also called puncture or prick test
47
Culture and Sensitivity
Laboratory test that grows a colony of bacteria removed from an infected area(such as an ulcer, wound, or pus from an infection) in order to identify the specific infecting bacterium and then determine its sensitivity to antibiotic drugs
48
Vitiligo
Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches
49
Chemical peel
Chemical removal of the outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses; aka chemabrasion
50
Cryosurgery
Use of subfreezing temperature (liquid nitrogen) to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue, such as tumors, warts, and unwanted, cancerous, or infected tissue
51
Debridement
Removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents
52
Dermabrasion
Rubbing using wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away the epidermis
53
Urticaria
Allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives
54
Verruca
Epidermal growth caused by a virus; aka warts
55
Petchia
Minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin
56
pressure ulcer
inflammation, sore, or skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues, usually in elderly, bedridden persons
57
pruritus
intense itching
58
psoriasis
Chronic skin disease characterized by circumscribed red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery, adherent scales and caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis
59
Purpura
Any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes, producing ecchymoses or petechiae
60
Scabies
Contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact
61
Tinea
Fungal skin infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; aka ringworm
62
abscess
Localized collection of pus at the site of an infection (characteristically a staphylococcal infection)
63
Ecchymosis
Skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish or yellow; aka bruise
64
Eczema
Chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by erythema, papules,vesicles, pustules, scale, crust, and scabs and accompanied by intense itching
65
Erythema
Redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries
66
Eschar
Dead matter that is sloughed off from the surface of the skin, especially after a burn
67
impetigo
bacterial infection characterized by isolation pustules that become crusted and rupture
68
keratosis
thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (such as callus or wart)
69
lentigo
small brown macules, especially on the face and arms, brought on by sun exposure, usually in a middle-aged person or older person
70
pallor
unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin
71
pediculosis
infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact or common use of brushes, combs, or headgear
72
acne
inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions that include blackheads, inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts and usually associated with seborrhea
73
alopecia
partial or complete loss of hair from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anticancer medication, or skin disease; aka baldness
74
bowen diseasse
form of intraepidermal carcinoma characterized by red-brown scaly or crusted lesions that resemble a patch of psoriasis or dermatitis
75
cellulitis
diffuse(widespread), acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
76
chloasma
Pigmentary skin discoloration usually occurring in yellowish brown patches or spots
77
comedo
typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin
78
dermatomycosis
infection of the skin caused by fungi
79
Which burn injure the top layer and are least serious?
First degree burns
80
Which burn is deep and damages both epidermis and part of the dermis?
Second degree burns
81
Which burn destroys both epidermis and dermis
Third degree
82
Benign neoplasms
Non cancerous growths composed of the same type of cells as the tissue in which they are growing
83
Malignant neoplasms
Caner; composed of cells that tend to become invasive and spread to remote regions of the body
84
Rule of nines
The formula for estimating the percentage of adult body surface affected by burns
85
Oncology
Study of Cancer
86
Tumor node-metastasis system
Most common system which classifies solid tumors by size and degree of spread according to three basic criteria (size and invasiveness, area of lymph nodes involved, and invasiveness of primary tumor
87
Basal cell carcinoma
most common type of skin cancer, caused by over exposure to the sunlight
88
Squamous cell carcinoma
second common; arises from skin that undergoes pathological hardening of epidermis; two types (in situ, invasive)
89
Malignant melanoma
The most rare and lethal; highly metastatic with a higher mortality rate than basal or squamous cell carcinomas; diagnosis is biopsy
90
Steat/o
inflammation of fatty (adipose) tissue
91
Sudoresis
profuse sweating; aka hyperhidrosis
92
Anhidrosis
abnormal condition of not sweating
93
Pruritus
Intense Itching
94
XP; XDP
Xeroderma pigmentosum
95
Tactile corposcle
responds to light touch
96
Lamellated corpuscle
responds to deep pressure and vibration
97
Androgens
Male sex hormone
98
Seborrhea
Discharge of sebum
99
What are the skin's two distinctive layers?
Epidermis and Dermis
100
Excessive or profuse sweating aka sudoresis hyperhidrosis
Diaphoresis
