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Year 7 Science Flashcards Ms Lee > Body Systems > Flashcards

Flashcards in Body Systems Deck (37)
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1
Q

Define a tissue

A

A tissue is a group of similar cells carrying out the same function e.g. muscle cells make up muscle tissue

2
Q

What is an organ?

A

An organ is made up of different tissues working together to perform a function e.g. the heart is an organ made up of different tissues.

3
Q

What is the hierarchy of living things?

A

Cells –> tissue –> organ –> organ system –> organism

4
Q

Give an example of an organ system.

A
  • Digestive system
  • Breathing system
  • Circulatory system
  • Reproductive system
5
Q

Breathing in is also called ___________.

A

Inhalation

6
Q

Breathing out is also called ____________.

A

Exhalation.

7
Q

The % of oxygen is ___________ in inhaled air than in exhaled air.

A

Greater - this means there is more oxygen in inhaled air.

8
Q

What is the scientific name for the ‘wind pipe’.

A

Trachea

9
Q

When gases enter or leave the alveoli this is called ______ ____________.

A

Gas exchange

10
Q

Describe the pathway of air from the nose.

A

Nose –> trachea –> bronchus –> bronchiole –> alveoli

11
Q

Which gas needs to diffuse into the blood.

A

Oxygen

12
Q

Which gas diffuses from the blood into the alveoli?

A

Carbon dioxide

13
Q

Which gas makes up 78% of inhaled and exhaled air

A

Nitrogen

14
Q

Describe the changes that happen when you inhale.

A
  • Ribcage moves up and out
  • Chest volume increases
  • Pressure in chest decreases
  • Diaphragm contracts and moves down
15
Q

Describe the changes that happen when you exhale.

A
  • Ribcage moves down and in
  • Chest volume decreases
  • Pressure in chest increases
  • Diaphragm relaxes and moves up
16
Q

What type of structure is the diaphragm.

A

The diaphragm is a large muscle.

17
Q

Name 3 functions of the skeleton.

A
  • Support
  • Movement
  • Protection
  • Make blood cells
18
Q

What part of the skeleton makes blood cells.

A

The bone marrow in the centre of the bones makes blood cells.

19
Q

The average adult human has _______ bones.

A

206

20
Q

Which bone protects the brain?

A

Skull.

21
Q

Which bone protects the heart and lungs?

A

Rib cage

22
Q

Which bone protects the spinal cord?

A

Verterbrae bones

23
Q

Define a joint.

A

A joint is where two or more bones meet.

24
Q

What is the function of cartilage in a joint?

A

Cartilage covers the ends of bones. It acts as a shock absorber and stops the bones from rubbing together and wearing away.

25
Q

Which structure joins bone to bone.

A

Ligaments join bone to bone.

26
Q

Which structure joints muscle to bone.

A

Tendons join muscles to bones.

27
Q

What type of joint is present in the skull?

A

Fixed/fused joint.

28
Q

What type of joint is present at the shoulder?

A

Ball & socket joint.

29
Q

Muscles that act as pairs are called…

A

Antagonistic muscle pairs

30
Q

Name the antagonistic muscles that work together to raise and lower your lower arm.

A

Biceps and triceps of the upper arm.

31
Q

Describe how the biceps and triceps work together to RAISE your lower arm.

A

The biceps contracts and the triceps relaxes.

32
Q

What is the name of the upper thigh bone?

A

Femur

33
Q

Where is the humerus bone located?

A

In the upper arm.

34
Q

What is the scientific name for the collar bone.

A

Clavicle

35
Q

How do muscles cause movement.

A

Muscles pull on bones which pulls the bone towards the muscle.

36
Q

The stomach, small intestine and large intestine make up which organ system?

A

Digestive system

37
Q

The circulatory system is made up of 3 parts. What are they?

A

Blood, blood vessels and the heart.