Particles

Question 1

All substances are made up of tiny particles called………

Answer 1

Atoms

Question 2

An element is a substance made up of only one type of _ _ _ _?

Answer 2

Atom

Question 3

What are the 3 states of matter?

Answer 3

Solid, liquid, gas

Question 4

How are the particles (atoms) arranged in a solid?

Answer 4

They are tightly packed together in a regular arrangement. The particles can vibrate

Question 5

How are the particles (atoms) arranged in a liquid?

Answer 5

They are arranged randomly. Particles are close together but have weaker bonds between them. The particles can slide over each other.

Question 6

How are the particles (atoms) arranged in a gas?

Answer 6

Particles in a gas are in a very random arrangement. There are no bonds between the particles. The particles move freely and randomly.

Question 7

Do particles (atoms) have energy?

Answer 7

Yes, they have their own kinetic energy.

Question 8

Which states of matter cannot be compressed?

Answer 8

Solids and liquids

Question 9

How does the change of state of solid to a liquid occur?

Answer 9

Melting

Question 10

How does the change of state of liquid to a gas occur?

Answer 10

Evaporation

Question 11

How does the change of state of gas to a liquid occur?

Answer 11

Condensation

Question 12

How does the change of state of liquid to a solid occur?

Answer 12

Freezing

Question 13

What is a melting point?

Answer 13

The point at which a substance melts is called it’s melting point.

Question 14

What causes gas pressure?

Answer 14

It is caused by the force exerted by gas particles as they collide with the walls of their container.

Question 15

What is the definition of diffusion?

Answer 15

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Question 16

If you add more particles of air to a balloon how does this affect the gas pressure?

Answer 16

If there are more air particles there will be more frequent collisions with the walls of the balloon. Therefore the gas pressure will INCREASE.

Question 17

On a hot day why does a balloon burst?

Answer 17

The air particles in the balloon gain more kinetic energy. The particles move faster and collide with the walls of the balloon more often. The balloon might burst due to the higher gas pressure.

Question 18

Look at the melting and boiling points of ethanol in the table. What state of matter is ethanol at 1000^oC?

Answer 18

Gas

Question 19

Look at the melting and boiling points of Oxygen in the table. What state of matter is oxygen at -50^oC?

Answer 19

Gas

Question 20

Look at the melting and boiling points of water in the table. What state of matter is water at -12^oC?

Answer 20

Solid

Question 21

Look at the melting and boiling points of water in the table. What state of matter is water at 37^oC?

Answer 21

Liquid

Question 22

What happens to air molecules when the air is cold?

Answer 22

When the air is cold, the molecules are packed tightly together, making the air denser, and it begins to sink.

Question 23

What happens to gas pressure when the temperature of a gas increases?

Answer 23

When the temperature increases, gas particles move faster, causing more frequent and forceful collisions, which increases the pressure.

Question 24

What happens to gas pressure when the volume of a gas decreases?

Answer 24

When the volume decreases, gas particles are compressed into a smaller space, causing more frequent collisions and increasing the pressure.

Question 25

How does the number of gas particles affect pressure?

Answer 25

If there are more gas particles in a fixed volume, the pressure increases because there are more collisions with the container walls.

Question 26

What is meant by "atmospheric pressure"?

Answer 26

Atmospheric pressure is the pressure exerted by the air in the Earth's atmosphere on objects at sea level.

Question 27

What happens to atmospheric pressure as you move higher up in the atmosphere?

Answer 27

Atmospheric pressure decreases as you go higher in the atmosphere because there is less air above you to exert pressure.

Question 28

How does the pressure in a gas-filled balloon change when it is taken from a cold to a hot place?

Answer 28

The pressure inside the balloon increases as the gas particles move faster and collide more often when heated.