Body Systems: Systems

Question 1

The nervous system is split into ___

Answer 1

The peripheral and central nervous system

Question 2

What are the components of the CNS

Answer 2

The brain and the spinal cord

Question 3

What does CNS stand for

Answer 3

Central Nervous System

Question 4

What does PNS stand for

Answer 4

Peripheral Nervous System

Question 5

The role of the Nervous System

Answer 5

The nervous system detects and responds to certain stimuli. The nervous system also transmits information.

Question 6

Neuron

Answer 6

A neuron is the basic unit of the nervous system

Question 7

Nerve

Answer 7

A bundle of neurons

Question 8

Role of dendrites

Answer 8

Receive information and passes it to the cell body.

Question 9

Role of the cell body

Answer 9

Holds special substructures, receives from the dendrites and passes it on through its axon

Question 10

Role of the myelin sheath

Answer 10

Speed up a nerve impulse along an axon by controlling its path

Question 11

Role of the axon

Answer 11

Transmits information to other neurons

Question 12

The cell body is aka ___

Answer 12

Soma

Question 13

Impulses

Answer 13

Messages that travel along neurons

Question 14

Do nerve cells touch

Answer 14

No

Question 15

What is the gap between neurons called

Answer 15

Synaptic gap

Question 16

What is the point of communication between neurons called

Answer 16

Synapse

Question 17

What does the synapse consist of

Answer 17

Synaptic terminal, synaptic gap and the dendrites

Question 18

Role of the synaptic terminal

Answer 18

Contains the chemicals needed to transform the messages into neurotransmitters

Question 19

What happens when an impulse reaches a synaptic gap

Answer 19

The synaptic terminals release neurotransmitters which creates a new impulse, thus continuing the message

Question 20

Neurotransmitter

Answer 20

Chemical messages

Question 21

What neurons are found in the PNS

Answer 21

Sensory and motor neurons

Question 22

What neurons are found in the CNS

Answer 22

Interneurons

Question 23

Role of sensory neurons

Answer 23

Collect information from inside and outside the body

Question 24

Role of interneurons

Answer 24

Receives information from sensory neurons

Question 25

Role of motor neurons

Answer 25

Connects to effectors to carry out the response

Question 26

Effectors

Answer 26

Muscles or endocrine glands

Question 27

Role of the frontal lobe

Answer 27

Emotion, reasoning, movement and problem-solving

Question 28

Role of the parietal lobe

Answer 28

Manages the perception of the 5 senses

Question 29

Role of the occipital lobe

Answer 29

Responsible for vision

Question 30

Role of the temporal lobe

Answer 30

Recognition of sounds and smells

Question 31

Is reflex actions voluntary. Why

Answer 31

No, as the impulse never reaches the brain instead it just goes to the spinal cord

Question 32

The peripheral nervous system includes what systems

Answer 32

Somatic and autonomic nervous system

Question 33

What does the somatic nervous system control

Answer 33

The somatic nervous system controls the voluntary skeletal or muscle movements

Question 34

What does the autonomic nervous system control

Answer 34

The autonomic nervous system controls the involuntary actions and the body's internal environment

Question 35

The autonomic nervous system includes the ___

Answer 35

Parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system

Question 36

Role of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 36

Increases heart rate, blood pressure, releases stored glucose into the bloodstream when under stress

Question 37

Role of the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 37

Reduce heart rate and return the body to a state of normality

Question 38

What systems are mainly responsible for sensing and responding to the environment

Answer 38

The nervous and endocrine system

Question 39

Role of hormones

Answer 39

Maintain a stable internal environment and regulate | growth and normal functioning

Question 40

What does the endocrine system consist of

Answer 40

Glands that secrete hormones

Question 41

Compared to impulses, hormones are ___

Answer 41

Acts slowly but are long lasting

Question 42

What are the types of hormones

Answer 42

Steroid and peptide hormones

Question 43

Steroid Hormones: material and how it reaches its target

Answer 43

Produced from cholesterol and are lipid-soluble

Question 44

Lipid-soluble

Answer 44

The ability to pass through the cell membrane and move directly to the target cells.

Question 45

Peptide Hormones: material and how it reaches its target

Answer 45

Peptide hormones are made of proteins and travel through the bloodstream until they find and interact with specific receptors on the surface of their target cells

Question 46

What hormone is most common

Answer 46

Peptide Hormones

Question 47

Types of receptors

Answer 47

Cell surface and intracellular receptors

Question 48

Photoreceptor function and location

Answer 48

Senses the intensity and colour of light | and send messages to the brain. Located on the retina

Question 49

Chemoreceptor function and location

Answer 49

Detect and interact within the olfactory organs. Located on the tongue and in the nose

Question 50

Olfactory Organs

Answer 50

The bodily structures that serve the sense of smell

Question 51

Negative feedback mechanism

Answer 51

When a stimulus causes the body to trigger a counteracting response in order to come to a point

Question 52

Positive feedback mechanism

Answer 52

When a stimulus causes the body to trigger a response that intensifies it.

Question 53

Thermoreceptor

Answer 53

Detects the changes in temperature. Located on the skin

Question 54

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 54

Responds to mechanical stimulus. Located on muscles, the skin and the ear

Question 55

What are receptors

Answer 55

Specialised sensory neurons

Question 56

Types of cell surface receptors

Answer 56

Photo, chemo, thermo and mechanoreceptors

Question 57

Types of cell surface receptors

Answer 57

Photo, chemo, thermo and mechanoreceptors

Question 58

Stages of a reflex arc

Answer 58

Stimulus - Detected by sensory neuron - Control centre - Signal sent to effector - Response

Question 59

Hypothalamus role

Answer 59

Homeostasis and the link between the nervous and endocrine systems