Ecosystems: Dynamics

Question 1

Abiotic factors

Answer 1

Non-living factors

Question 2

Biotic factors

Answer 2

Living factors

Question 3

Matter ___ in ecosystems. Expand

Answer 3

Cycles around ecosystems and can’t be destroyed

Question 4

Energy ___ in ecosystems. Expand

Answer 4

Flows in and out of ecosystems in as sunlight and out as heat

Question 5

Biogeochemical cycles

Answer 5

Cycles of matter that cycles from the atmosphere to the Earth

Question 6

Eutrophication cause

Answer 6

Overload of nutrition, such as fertiliser runoff

Question 7

Eutrophication result

Answer 7

An ‘Algae Bloom’, depletion of oxygen levels in the ecosystem and possible ecological collapse

Question 8

Autotrophs

Answer 8

Organisms that can produce their own food, hence they also are named producers

Question 9

Heterotrophs

Answer 9

Organisms that eat others for energy and nutrition, hence they also are named consumers

Question 10

___% of the eaten organism’s energy is available

Answer 10

10

Question 11

Animals use/last their energy for

Answer 11

Metabolism, movement, cell communication and lost as heat

Question 12

Equation for photosynthesis

Answer 12

6CO 2 + 6H 2 O → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

Question 13

Metabolism

Answer 13

A process that converts food into nutrition so the organism can grow

Question 14

What chemical is necessary for photosynthesis and where is it found

Answer 14

Chlorophyll is found in cellular organelles of plants, named chloroplasts

Question 15

Why is photosynthesis necessary

Answer 15

It creates glucose(energy) and can be stored as starch

Question 16

What role does nitrogen-fixing bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle

Answer 16

It converts the nitrogen into a usable form

Question 17

What role does denitrifying bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle

Answer 17

It returns the nitrogen to the atmosphere as gas

Question 18

Where exactly does cellular respiration occur

Answer 18

In the mitochondria

Question 19

Equation for cellular respiration

Answer 19

C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy

Question 20

Why is cellular respiration necessary

Answer 20

It provides energy for cells

Question 21

Matrix

Answer 21

The tissue in eukaryotic cells

Question 22

Why does the matrix have folds

Answer 22

There are folds to increase the surface area

Question 23

Intraspecific Relationship

Answer 23

Relationship between the same species

Question 24

Collaboration

Answer 24

Organisms cooperate to survive

Question 25

Competition

Answer 25

Organisms competing for a limited resource

Question 26

Interspecific Relationship

Answer 26

Relationships between different species

Question 27

Commensalism

Answer 27

A relationship that benefits one and is neutral towards the other

Question 28

Predator-prey Relationship

Answer 28

A relationship with a creature eaten/harmed and the other benefited

Question 29

Parasitism

Answer 29

A host is harmed and a parasite benefits

Question 30

Inhibition is aka ___

Answer 30

Allelopathy

Question 31

Inhibition

Answer 31

When an organism produces a chemical to hinder the growth of another

Question 32

Mutualism

Answer 32

When both species benefit

Question 33

Symbiosis

Answer 33

When both species need each other to survive

Question 34

Population

Answer 34

A group of organisms of the same species | living in the same ecosystem

Question 35

Dynamic Equilibrium

Answer 35

The changing balance of ecosystems

Question 36

Ecological collapse

Answer 36

When an ecosystem suffers a drastic, possibly permanent, reduction in carrying capacity for organisms.

Question 37

Decomposer

Answer 37

Organisms that break down tissues of dead organisms which returns the nitrogen to the soil