bonding and atoms

Question 1

what is oxidisation?

Answer 1

when a substance combines with oxygen

Question 2

what is neutralisation?

Answer 2

when an acid reacts with an alkali

Question 3

what is displacement?

Answer 3

when a more reactive metal reacts with a less reactive metal

Question 4

what are atoms?

Answer 4

the building blocks of everything in the universe

Question 5

what are molecules?

Answer 5

2 or more atoms chemically bonded together

Question 6

what is a mixture?

Answer 6

a substance that contains different atoms, elements and compounds which are mixed together but not joined

Question 7

what are compounds?

Answer 7

2 or more elements bonded together- contain more than 1 type of atom

Question 8

what are elements made up of?

Answer 8

only made up of 1 type of atom

Question 9

what are compounds formed by?

Answer 9

chemical reactions

Question 10

what is the smallest part of an element that can exist?

Answer 10

an atom

Question 11

what can only be separated into elements by chemical reaction?

Answer 11

compounds

Question 12

what is a solute?

Answer 12

something that dissolves in a solvent

Question 13

what is a solvent?

Answer 13

something a solute dissolves in

Question 14

what does insoluble mean?

Answer 14

it is unable to dissolve in a certain solvent

Question 15

what does soluble mean?

Answer 15

it is able to dissolve in a solvent

Question 16

what is fractional distillation used to separate?

Answer 16

a mixture of liquids with different boiling points

Question 17

what is the charge of an atom?

Answer 17

neutral

Question 18

what did jj thomson discover?

Answer 18

the electron (plum pudding model)

Question 19

what did jj thomson’s experiments lead him to?

Answer 19

the conclusion that atoms are made of even smaller particles

Question 20

what did john dalton’s discover?

Answer 20

all elements are made up of particles called atoms

Question 21

what did neil bohr discover?

Answer 21

the nucleus is surrounded by orbiting electrons at different energy levels

Question 22

what did james chadwick discover?

Answer 22

neutrons in the nucleus

Question 23

what did rutheford discover?

Answer 23

the atom is mostly empty space (alpha particle scattering)

Question 24

what is the charge and mass of protons?

Answer 24

charge - +1
mass - 1

Question 25

what is the charge and mass of neutrons?

Answer 25

charge - 0 mass - 1

Question 26

what is the charge and mass of electrons?

Answer 26

charge - -1 mass - really small

Question 27

what is the mass number of ana element?

Answer 27

the sum of the protons and neutrons in an atoms nucleus

Question 28

what is the atomic number?

Answer 28

the number of protons in an atom (bottom number)

Question 29

what is an isotope?

Answer 29

an element that has the same atomic number but a different mass number

Question 30

what is the equation for relative atomic mass?

Answer 30

(isotopic mass X abundance)

Question 31

what does the number of electrons on the outer shell of an atom tell us?

Answer 31

the group number of that element

Question 32

what do atoms of elements from the same group have in common?

Answer 32

they react in similar ways and have similar properties

Question 33

what are ions?

Answer 33

charged particles formed when electrons are lost

Question 34

what forms when electrons are lost?

Answer 34

positively charged ions

Question 35

what forms when electrons are gained?

Answer 35

negatively charged ions