displacement reactions Flashcards
(21 cards)
what happens when a metal reacts with water?
a metal hydroxide and hydrogen are formed
what happens if there is a more reactive element?
it can displace a less reactive element from its compounds
what happens when bases react with acids?
neutralises them creating salt and water
what is the ion responsible for acidity?
hydrogen
what happens when hydrogen chloride is dissolved in water?
hydrochloric acid is formed
what do acids release when added to water?
H+ ions into the solution
what are some examples of strong acids? (3)
hydrochloric acid
nitric acid
sulfuric acid
what are some examples of weak acids? (3)
ethanoic acid
citric acid
carbonic acid
why are some acids called strong and other weak?
acids such as citric are not harmful when in dilute or concentrated solutions
what is formed when acids react with bases?
salt
what is the reaction of copper with water?
no reaction
what is the reaction of zinc with water and products?
very slow reaction- zinc hydroxide and hydrogen
what is the reaction of magnesium with water and products?
very slow reaction- magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen
what is the reaction of lithium with water and products?
fizzes- lithium hydroxide and hydrogen
what is the reaction of sodium with water and products?
yellow/orange flame + fizzes- sodium hydroxide and hydrogen
what is the reaction of potassium with water and products?
lilac flame + fizzes- potassium hydroxide and hydrogen
what is the reaction of iron with water and products?
slow reaction- iron hydroxide and hydrogen
what is the reaction of calcium with water and products?
slight fizzing- calcium hydroxide and hydrogen
what is the equation for percentage yield?
actual yield/ theoretical yield x100
why do very few chemical reactions have a yield of 100%? (3)
the raw materials may not be pure
some of the products may be left behind
the reaction may not be completely finished
what is atom economy?
the mass of the product you want as a % of the mass of all products you make
