BONE AND MUSCLE

Question 1

Grossly, bones are classified as ?

Answer 1

compact and spongy bone.

Question 2

w/ medullary cavity (spaces

Answer 2

Spongy Bone

Question 3

found at the external surface; doesn’t have cavity to remain to be hard and compact

Answer 3

compact bone

Question 4

Contains the osteons

Answer 4

COMPACT (CORTICAL) BONE

Question 5

Periosteum is made up of

Answer 5

dense irregular CT

Question 6

functional unit of the bone

Answer 6

Osteons or Haversian System

Question 7

▪ Channel found at the center of the osteon
▪ Forms the central axis of the osteon

Answer 7

CENTRAL CANAL

Question 8

CENTRAL CANAL Contains

Answer 8

blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics

Question 9

concentric layers of mineralized bone extracellular
matrix called

Answer 9

concentric lamellae

Question 10

Small spaces between lamellae that contains the mature
bone cells called osteocytes

Answer 10

LACUNA / LACUNAE

Question 11

• Minute canals radiating from the lacuna
• Provides avenues for exchange of metabolites between
  the cells and the nearest perivascular space

Answer 11

CANALICULI

Question 12

Boundary of an osteon

Answer 12

CEMENT LINE

Question 13

Scattered around the intact osteons are irregularly
shaped parallel lamellae called

Answer 13

INSTERSTITIAL LAMELLAE

Question 14

Remains of old osteons destroyed by the osteoclast.

Answer 14

INSTERSTITIAL LAMELLAE

Question 15

Not present on the spongy bone

Answer 15

Osteon (Haversian system)

Question 16

making central canals connected to each other

Answer 16

Volkmann’s/ Perforating canals

Question 17

forms the inner layer of all bones.

Answer 17

Spongy bone

Question 18

spongey/cancellous bone is covered by

Answer 18

endosteum

Question 19

endosteum is what type of epthelium

Answer 19

simple squamous epithelium

Question 20

osteoblast trapped in the matrix that they secrete

Answer 20

osteocyte

Question 21

cells that synthesize bone

Answer 21

osteoblast

Question 22

bone cell that breaks down done tissue

Answer 22

osteoclast

Question 23

osteoblasts are what shape of epithelium

Answer 23

cuboidal/columnar

Question 24

Osteoblasts keep on depositing bone matrix until the bone matrix surround it to become?

Answer 24

osteocyte

Question 25

osteoblast secrete

Answer 25

osteoid

Question 26

an unmineralized collagen-proteoglycan matrix that can bind calcium

Answer 26

osteoid

Question 27

Large, Motile, Multinucleated cells

Answer 27

OSTEOCLAST

Question 28

OSTEOCLAST Lies on the etched depression or crypts called

Answer 28

Howship Lacunae

Question 29

Under the control of the somatic nervous system

Answer 29

VOLUNTARY

Question 30

Skeletal

Answer 30

VOLUNTARY

Question 31

Contract in response to the control of autonomic nervous system

Answer 31

INVOLUNTARY

Question 32

Cardiac and smooth muscle

Answer 32

INVOLUNTARY

Question 33

Presence of transverse or cross- striations known as dark and light bands

Answer 33

STRIATED

Question 34

No cross-striations

Answer 34

NON- STRIATED

Question 35

Smooth muscle STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION

Answer 35

NON- STRIATED

Question 36

Skeletal and cardiac STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION

Answer 36

STRIATED

Question 37

* Forms the main bulk of the body musculature *

Answer 37

SKELETAL MUSCLE

Question 38

Generally attached to the bone except for the intrinsic muscles of the ______, upper _________ and_______ muscle of the face.

Answer 38

tongue esophagus risorius

Question 39

Muscles are cylindrical in shape and non-branching

Answer 39

SKELETAL MUSCLE

Question 40

SKELETAL MUSCLE is ____________ located nuclei

Answer 40

Multiple peripherally

Question 41

SKELETAL muscle fibers are almost of the _________

Answer 41

same size

Question 42

covers muscle fiber

Answer 42

endomysium

Question 43

fascicles is covered by

Answer 43

perimysium

Question 44

whole muscle is covered by

Answer 44

epimysium

Question 45

myoblast fuse to form a _______ muscle fiber

Answer 45

skeletal

Question 46

unfuse myoblast

Answer 46

satellite cell

Question 47

if muscle fiber will die this cell will become skeletal muscle

Answer 47

satellite cell

Question 48

thickest layer of heart

Answer 48

myocardium

Question 49

Muscles are branching and anastomosing

Answer 49

CARDIAC MUSCLE

Question 50

CARDIAC MUSCLE __________located Nucleus

Answer 50

centrally

Question 51

how smoooth muscle form

Answer 51

from myoblast immediately

Question 52

how skeletal muscle fiber form

Answer 52

myoblast myotubes are fused

Question 53

how cardiac muscles forms

Answer 53

myoblast myotubes no fusion

Question 54

Transverse lines that represent the interface between adjacent muscle fibers

Answer 54

INTERCALATED DISC

Question 55

Intercalated disc functions

Answer 55

* Maintain firm cohesion of successive cellular units of the myocardium * Transmission of signals among adjacent cardiac muscle cells

Question 56

for rapid communication between cells in cardiac muscle

Answer 56

Gap Junction

Question 57

in intercalated disk making its functions for cohesion, for greater strength

Answer 57

desmosome

Question 58

SMOOTH MUSCLE shape

Answer 58

Fusiform or spindle-shaped

Question 59

SMOOTH MUSCLE: nucleus

Answer 59

central Elongated nucleus

Question 60

SMOOTH MUSCLE On cross section, the _______ ___ of each muscle fiber is adjacent to the broad parts of neighboring cells

Answer 60

narrow ends

Question 61

LOCATION OF SMOOTH MUSCLES

Answer 61

Walls of the Digestive tract Walls of the respiratory tract Walls of blood vessels Walls of ducts of glands Areolar of mammary glands Arrector pili muscle Uterus Subcutaneous tissue of the scrotum