Bone Module

Question 1

Cranium + mandible?

Answer 1

Skull

Question 2

Viscero-cranium is comprised of bones that form the _______ skeleton.

Answer 2

Facial

Question 3

Splancho-cranium are those bones that are formed in ___________ ossification model.

Answer 3

intramembranous

Question 4

Chondro-cranium are the bones formed in _____-______ ossification model.

Answer 4

endo-chondral

Question 5

Calvaria, the roof of the cranium, is mainly formed by what two bones?

Answer 5

Frontal and parietal

Question 6

Junction of sagittal and coronal sutures is called ____/_______ fontanel, and junction of sagittal and lambdoid sutures is called ______/_____ fontanel.

Answer 6

bregma/anterior fontanel; lambda/posterior fontanel

Question 7

What 3 things is the anterior cranial fossa formed by?

Answer 7

1. Frontal bone
2. Lesser wings of sphenoid
3. Cribriform plate

Question 8

What 2 things is the middle cranial fossa formed by?

Answer 8

1. Greater wings of sphenoid

2. Temporal bones

Question 9

What 2 things is the posterior cranial fossa formed by?

Answer 9

1. Temporal bones

2. Occipital bone

Question 10

What are the two facets on the head of a rib for?

Answer 10

Articulation with vertebral body and vertebra immediately above rib

Question 11

What is the tubercle facet on a rib for?

Answer 11

Articulation with the transverse process of corresponding vertebra

Question 12

The groove for the subclavian vein is (medial/lateral) to the groove for the subclavian artery.

Answer 12

Medial

Question 13

What 3 bones does the manubrium stern articulate with?

Answer 13

1. Clavicles
2. First rib
3. Upper part of second costal cartilage

Question 14

What ribs articulate with the body of the sternum?

Answer 14

2-7

Question 15

The xiphoid process divides the ________ angle to left and right halves.

Answer 15

infrasternal

Question 16

How many vertebra does the cervical spine have?

Answer 16

7

Question 17

How many vertebra does the thoracic spine have?

Answer 17

12

Question 18

How many vertebra does the lumbar spine have?

Answer 18

5

Question 19

How many vertebra does the sacral spine have?

Answer 19

5

Question 20

How many vertebra does the coccyx have?

Answer 20

4

Question 21

What are the 4 spinal curvatures?

Answer 21

1. Cervical lordosis
2. Thoracic kyphosis
3. Lumbar lordosis
4. Sacral kyphosis

Question 22

What are the 5 common features of cervical vertebrae?

Answer 22

1. Small quadrangular body
2. Triangular vertebral foramen
3. Transverse foramen
4. Bifurcated spinous process
5. Lateral and anterior lips (uncinate process)

Question 23

What two transverse vertebrae lack demi-facets on their transverse processes for articulation with tubercles of ribs?

Answer 23

T11 and T12

Question 24

What do the 4 posterior sacral foramina provide passage for?

Answer 24

Posterior rami of S1-S4

Question 25

What doe the 4 foramina on the anterior surface of the sacrum provide passage for?

Answer 25

Anterior rami of S1-S4

Question 26

The sacral foramina are connected together by transverse ridges that represent the remnant of __________ ______.

Answer 26

intervertebral discs

Question 27

The anterior border of the sacral Ala contribute to the formation of what inlet?

Answer 27

Pelvic (superior aperture)

Question 28

The fusion of the 5th lumbar vertebra with S1 is known as __________.

Answer 28

sacralization

Question 29

The failure of fusion of S1 to the rest of the sacral segments is called ____________.

Answer 29

lumbarization

Question 30

The two processes arising from the first coccygeal segment toward the sacrum are known as the coccygeal ______.

Answer 30

Cornue

Question 31

The carotid canal is medial to what process on the temporal bone?

Answer 31

styloid process

Question 32

The head of a rib has two facets for articulation with the numerically corresponding vertebral body and that of the vertebra immediately ________.

Answer 32

Above

Question 33

The tubercle of the rib has a facet for articulation with the ______ ______ of the corresponding vertebra.

Answer 33

transverse process

Question 34

What rib(s) only have one articular surface on their head for the corresponding thoracic vertebra?

Answer 34

Rib 1, rib 11 and rib 12

Question 35

What is the inter-vertebral foramen formed by?

Answer 35

The zygapophyseal joint, inferior and superior notches of vertebrae, intervertebral disc and body of vertebrae

Question 36

What two components form the IV disc?

Answer 36

1. Nucleus pulposus | 2. Anulus fibrosus

Question 37

What is the main chemical component of the nucleus pulpous?

Answer 37

Hyaluronic acid

Question 38

What is the shape of the cervical vertebrae foramen?

Answer 38

triangular

Question 39

What joint is unique to the cervical spine?

Answer 39

Unco-vertebral joint

Question 40

What is the shape of the articular process for the occipital condyles on C1? For C2?

Answer 40

oval; round

Question 41

Is the anterior or posterior arch larger on C1?

Answer 41

Posterior

Question 42

Where is the accessory process located on the lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 42

base of the posterior surface of the transverse process

Question 43

Where is the mammilary process located on the lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 43

posterior margin of the superior articular process