Bone Tissue

Question 1

Other functions of Bone Tissue aside from protecting organs

Answer 1

Hematopoiesis & Reservoir for Calcium and minerals

Question 2

A.k.a Blood cell formation

Answer 2

Hematopoiesis

Question 3

Cells derived from Osteoprogenitor Cells

Answer 3

Osteoblasts

Question 4

Function of Osteoblasts

Answer 4

Synthesize, secrete, & deposit Osteoid

Question 5

How are osteoblasts arranged, and where?

Answer 5

Arranged as a layer of cuboidal/columnar cells on the bone surface

Question 6

Osteoblasts mature into?

Answer 6

Osteocytes

Question 7

Osteocytes are found/located where?

Answer 7

Lacunae

Question 8

What do osteocytes use for communication and exchange of metabolic products and nutrients

Answer 8

Canaliculi

Question 9

Functions of osteocytes

Answer 9

Maintain homeostasis of bone, and blood concentrations of calcium & phosphate

Question 10

Multinucleated cells of the bone tissue

Answer 10

Osteoclasts

Question 11

Osteoclasts occupy shallow concavities called what?

Answer 11

Howship’s Lacunae

Question 12

Function of Osteoclasts

Answer 12

Resorption, Remodeling, & Bone Repair

Question 13

Two components of Bone Matrix

Answer 13

Inorganic & Organic

Question 14

Component of Bone Matrix that resists compression

Answer 14

Inorganic

Question 15

Component of Bone Matrix that resists tension

Answer 15

Organic

Question 16

Two layers of a Periosteum

Answer 16

Outer Fibrous & Inner Cellular

Question 17

Bundles of Periosteal collagen that penetrate the bone matrix and bind the periosteum to the bone (found in the Outer Fibrous layer)

Answer 17

Perforating Fibers / Sharpey Fibers

Question 18

Cells found in the Inner cellular layer of the periosteum

Answer 18

Osteoblasts & Osteoprogenitor cells

Question 19

Covers small trabiculae of bony matrix that project into marrow cavities

Answer 19

Endosteum

Question 20

Types of Bone Tissues

Answer 20

1.) Lamellar, Mature, Secondary Bone
2.) Woven, Immature, Primary Bone

Question 21

Which bone tissue is stronger? Primary or Secondary?

Answer 21

Secondary (mature) is stronger than Primary (immature)

Question 22

Types of Secondary (Mature) Bone

Answer 22

1.) Compact
2.) Cancellous/Spongy

Question 23

Compact bone is __% of total bone mass

Answer 23

80%

Question 24

Structural units of Compact bone

Answer 24

Osteons

Question 25

Osteons are surrounded by?

Answer 25

Interstitial Lamellae

Question 26

Spongy bone is __% of total bone mass

Answer 26

20%

Question 27

Spaces between the trabeculae are filled with?

Answer 27

Red bone marrow

Question 28

Arrangement of collagen fibers in Primary (Immature) Bone

Answer 28

Random Orientation of collagen fibers

Question 29

Type of bone tissue seen during fetal bone development and bone repair

Answer 29

Woven, Immature, Primary bone tissue

Question 30

Two type of Ossification in Osteogenesis

Answer 30

1.) Intramembranous Ossification 2.) Endochondral Ossification

Question 31

Type of Ossification where osteoblasts differentiate directly from mesenchyme and begin secreting osteoid

Answer 31

Intramembranous Ossification

Question 32

Type of Ossification that forms most bones of the body

Answer 32

Endochondral Ossification

Question 33

Type of Ossification where bone develops directly from sheets of mesenchymal connective tissue

Answer 33

Intramembranous Ossification

Question 34

Type of Ossification where bone develops by replacing the preexisting hyaline cartilage

Answer 34

Endochondral Ossification

Question 35

5 Stages of Endochondral Ossification

Answer 35

1.) Zone of Reserve Cartilage 2.) Proliferative Zone 3.) Zone of Hypertrophy 4.) Zone of Calcified Cartilage 5.) Zone of Ossification

Question 36

Identify what stage (zone) of Endochondral Ossification - resting cartilage - shows chondrocytes in their lacunae

Answer 36

Zone of Reserve Cartilage

Question 37

Identify what stage (zone) of Endochondral Ossification - cartilage cells divide repeatedly, - enlarge & secretes more type II collagen & proteoglycans - chondrocytes are organized into columns parallel to the long axis of the bone

Answer 37

Proliferative Zone

Question 38

Identify what stage (zone) of Endochondral Ossification - Chondrocytes in lacunae increase in size as a result of swelling of the nucleus & cytoplasm

Answer 38

Zone of Hypertrophy

Question 39

Identify what stage (zone) of Endochondral Ossification - chondrocytes undergo apoptosis - releases matrix vesicles & osteocalcin - begins matrix calcification by formation of hydroxyapatite crystals

Answer 39

Zone of Calcified Cartilage

Question 40

Identify what stage (zone) of Endochondral Ossification - bone tissue first appears - osteoblasts settle in a later of the spicules of calcified cartilage matrix - secrete osteoid which becomes the woven, immature, primary bone

Answer 40

Zone of Ossification