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Histology 2ndYR 1stSem Midterms > Nervous Tissue > Flashcards

Nervous Tissue Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Nerves are derived from where?

A

Ectoderm

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2
Q

Outermost layer of a developing embryo

A

Ectoderm

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3
Q

Innermost layer of a developing embryo

A

Endoderm

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4
Q

Layer in a developing embryo that influences the development of the other organs

A

Notochord

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5
Q

Secretes chemicals that signals inward folding of ectoderm

A

Notochord

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6
Q

Two main types of Nervous System

A

Central & Peripheral

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7
Q

Composition of CNS

A

Brain & Spinal cord

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8
Q

Two types of PNS

A

Somatic & Autonomic

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9
Q

PNS that regulates actions of the skeletal muscles

A

Somatic NS

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10
Q

Type of PNS that controls involuntary muscles

A

Autonomic NS

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11
Q

Three types of ANS

A

Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, & Enteric

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12
Q

Fight or flight response

A

Sympathetic

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13
Q

Rest & digest response

A

Parasympathetic

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14
Q

3 parts of a Neuron

A

Cell body, Dendrites, Axons

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15
Q

Angular cell body is found in?

A

CNS

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16
Q

Circular cell body is found in?

A

PNS

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17
Q

Group of polygonal cell bodies within CNS

A

Nucleus

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18
Q

Group of rounded cell bodies found within PNS

A

Ganglia

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19
Q

Where nerve impulses are transmitted from one neuron to another neuron, or to the organ its controlling

A

Synapses

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20
Q

Resting membrane potential in post-synoptic cell

A

-65 to -70mv

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21
Q

Electrical change within a neuron from negative charge to positive charge

A

Depolarization

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22
Q

Membrane potential during Depolarization

A

30mv

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23
Q

Electrical charge within a neuron from positive charge to negative charge

A

Repolarization

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24
Q

Releases 3 sodium ions to the ECF

A

Sodium Potassium Pump

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25
Opens up chloride channels
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
26
Carries impulses towards cell bodies
Dendrites
27
Axons are composed of
Microtubules
28
Area of cell body that lacks Nissl bodies, mitochondria, & other organelles The landmark that differs axons from dendrites
Axon hillock
29
Movement of substances from the soma to synaptic terminals
Anterograde Transport
30
Anterograde Transport is mediated by what protein
Kinesin Protein
31
Transport macromolecules endocytosed from the periphery of the nerves to the cell body
Retrograde Transport
32
Retrograde Transport is mediated by what protein
Dynein
33
Nerve transmission that transmit impulses from peripheral organs to CNS
Afferent/Sensory Division
34
Afferent division enters the Spinal cord through?
Posterior Horns of GM
35
Nerve Transmission that transmits impulses from the CNS out to the peripheral organs to cause an effect or action
Efferent/Motor Division
36
Efferent Division exits the spinal cord through?
Anterior horns of GM
37
Most common neural morphology
Multipolar
38
Involuntary & Nearly instantaneous movement in response to stimuli
Reflex
39
Specialized sensory neuron
Bipolar neurons
40
How many neuroglia is present in the CNS
4
41
How many neuroglia is present in the PNS
2
42
Most numerous neuroglia in the CNS
Astrocytes
43
Neuroglia that maintains blood brain barrier
Astrocytes
44
2 types of astrocytes
Fibrous & Protoplasmic
45
Type of astrocytes in White matter
Fibrous
46
Type of astrocytes in Gray matter
Protoplasmic
47
Synthesizes myeline sheath
Oligodendrocytes
48
Smallest neuroglia and are the phagocytic cells of the mononuclear-phagocytic system
Microglial cells
49
Neuroglia that produces cerebrospinal fluid
Ependymal cells
50
What are the 4 Neuroglia of the CNS?
1. Astrocytes 2. Oligodendrocytes 3. Microglial cells 4. Ependymal cells
51
What are the 2 Neuroglia of the PNS
1. Satellite cells 2. Schwan cells
52
Neuroglia that forms a continuous capsule around nerve cell bodies in the ganglion
Satellite cells
53
Schwann cells are a.k.a?
Neurolemmocyte
54
What do schwan cells form?
Sheath of schwan / neurilemma
55
Where CNS structures are derived from
Neural Tube
56
Where PNS structures are derived from
Neural Crest
57
Matter where the actual processing is done
Gray
58
Matter that provides communication between gray matter areas and between the gray matter and rest of the body
White
59
Locate GM and WM in Spinal cord
WM - Periphery GM - Center
60
Central canal of the spinal cord is lined with?
Ependymal cells
61
Matter that has abundant astrocytes and large neuronal bodies
Gray
62
Matter than contains Oligodendrocytes & tracts of myelinated axons
White
63
Locate the WM and GM in the Brain
GM - periphery of Cerebrum and Cerebellum WM - center
64
Outermost meninge of the brain
Dura Mater
65
Meninge of the brain that has spongy web like structures
Arachnoid Mater
66
Where CSF flows in the arachnoid membrane
Subarachnoid space
67
Innermost meninge of the brain
Pia mater
68
Dura Mater is latin for
Tough mother
69
Pia mater is latin for
Tender mother
70
Colorless fluid which cushions the CNS by protecting soft tissue from jolts & blows
Cerebrospinal Fluid
71
Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by?
Choroid plexuses made up of ependymal cells
72
Small protrusions of the arachnoid mater
Arachnoid villi
73
Serves as the drainage site for CSF to maintain pressure within cranial cavity
Arachnoid villi

Histology 2ndYR 1stSem Midterms (5 decks)

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