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HES 120 > Bones > Flashcards

Bones Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of bones?
(Super Monkeys Protect Bees Monthly)

A
  • Supportive
  • Aid in movement
  • Protective
  • Blood cell formation
  • Mineral storage
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2
Q

What are the types of bones?

A
  • Long bones
  • Short bones (cube shape)
  • Flat bones (etc. skull)
  • Irregular bones (don’t belong in other categories)
  • Sesamoid bones (round/oval shape, develop with tendons)
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3
Q

What are the types of skeletal systems?

A
  • Axial (skull, vertebrae, scrum and coccyx, ribs, and sternum)
  • Appendicular: (upper and lower extremities)
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4
Q

What are the two types of bones in the skull and how many of each

A
  • 8 cranial
  • 14 facial
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5
Q

Label the skull

A
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6
Q

What are the vertebrae separated by?

A

Intervertebral discs

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7
Q

What are the vertebrae types and how many of each?

Cant The Lion Scare Cats

A
  • 7 Cervical
  • 12 Thoracic
  • 5 Lumbar
  • 5 Sacral (make up the sacrum)
  • 4 Coccygeal (make up the coccyx)
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8
Q

Process

A

a projection or growth coming off a bone

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9
Q

Articular

A

relating to a joint or region which the joint is located

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10
Q

Foramen

A

an opening/hole in the bone

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11
Q

Label the vertebrae

A
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12
Q

How to distinguish a Lumbar Vertebrae?

A
  • largest and heaviest
  • body: kidney-shaped
  • vertebral foramen: triangle-shaped
  • transverse process: short
  • spinous process: thick, short, square, point posteriorly
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13
Q

Costal

A

Relating to the ribs

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14
Q

Facet

A

A small, smooth, flat surface

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15
Q

How to distinguish a Cervical Vertebrae?

A
  • body: small and oval
  • vertebral foramen: triangular
  • transverse process: contains transverse foramen
  • Spinous process: fork-shaped
  • Articular facet: superior and inferior
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16
Q

Where is the Atlas located?

A

CI

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16
Q

How to distinguish the Axis?

A
  • Dens (odontoid process)
  • Body
  • Transverse process
  • Spinous process
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16
Q

How to distinguish the Atlas?

A
  • Vertebral foramen
  • Lateral mass
  • Superior Articular facet(s)
  • Transverse process
  • NO SPINOUS PROCESS
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16
Q

Where is the Axis located?

A

CII

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17
Q

How to distinguish the Thoracic Vertebrae?

A
  • Body: heart shape
  • Vertebral foramen: circular
  • Transverse process: long, articular facets for the ribs
  • Spinous process: long, points inferiorly, skinny
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17
Q

Distinguish the Vertebrae

A

Left: Cervical
Middle: Thoracic
Right: Lumbar

18
Q

Label the Sacrum and Coccyx

(1, 2, 10, coccyx)

A
19
Q

What is the Manubrium?

A

the body the of the sternum

20
Q

What are the types of ribs?

A
  • Top 7 ribs: true ribs
  • Ribs 8-12: false ribs
  • Ribs 10-12: floating ribs
21
Q

Tubercule

A

A small round projection (bump) on the surface of the bone

22
Q

Label the Rib

A
23
Q

What are the parts of the Appendicular skeleton?

A
  • Shoulder Girdle
  • Upper extremities
  • Lower extremities
  • Pelvis
24
Q

Where is the Scapula located?

A

The shoulder blade (sits on rib I and VII)

25
Q

Label the Scapula

A
25
Q

Where is the clavicle located?

A

connects to the scapula at the acromial end, and the sternum at the sternal end

25
Q

Label the clavicle

A
26
Q

What is the olecranon?

A

the boney bump that makes up the elbow

27
Q

What is the styloid?

A

Attached to the distal end the f the Radius and ulna. Resembles a tip of a pen

28
Q

Label the Radius and Ulna

A
29
Q

What is the Pollex

A

the thumb

30
Q

What are the types of bones in the hand and how many of each?

A
  • 8 carpal bones
  • 5 metacarpal bones
  • 14 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal)
31
Q

Label the hand

A
32
Q

Acetabulum

A

the socket of the hip joint

33
Q

Label the pelvis

A
34
Q

Innominate

A

the hip bone

35
Q

Patella

A

the knee cap

36
Q

Label the Femur

A
37
Q

Label the Tibia and Fibula

A
38
Q

Hullux

A

the big toe

39
Q

What are the types of bones that make up the foot and how many of each?

A
  • 7 tarsal bones
  • 5 metatarsal bone
  • 14 phalanges
40
Q

Talus

A

Where the tibia and fibula sit on the foot. Controls movement up and down

41
Q

Calcaneus, and what direction of movement it controls

A

The heel, movement side to side

42
Q

What are bones made of?

A
  • Compact bone: the dense outer shell
  • Spongy bone: forms cavities that are filled with bone marrow
43
Q

Which bone layer has more sensory nerves

A

outer layer

44
Q

What does the vascular system do for bones?

A

brings nutrients and transports cells that the bone marrow made into the blood stream

HES 120 (12 decks)

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