Bones Flashcards
Boney landmarks, functions, muscle attachments, articulation and shape classification (8 cards)
Humerus
BONEY LANDMARKS
Head of humerus, Anatomical & surgical neck, greater & lesser tubercle, intertubercle groove. Shaft, radial groove, deltoid tuberosity. lateral & medial supracondylar ridge, Lateral & medial epicondyle, capitulum, trochlea, radial fossa, coronoid fossa, olecranon fossa.
MUSCLE ATTACHMENTS
Greater tubercle: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
Lesser tubercle: subscapularis
Intertubercular groove: pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major
Deltoid tuberosity: deltoid
Medial/lateral epicondyles: forearm flexors/extensors
Posterior surface: triceps brachii
Anterior surface: brachialis
ARTICULATION
Scapula (Glenohumeral joint)
Ulna (Humeroulna joint)
Radius (Humeroradial joint)
SHAPE CLASSIFICATION
Long bone
Radius
BONEY LANDMARKS
Radial head, radial neck, radial tuberosity, shaft of radius, Anterior, posterior & interosseous borders, Anterior, posterior & lateral surfaces, ulnar notch, radial styloid process, dorsal tubercle
MUSCLE ATTACHMENTS
Radial Tuberosity (Proximal): Biceps brachii
Proximal/Lateral Shaft: Supinator, Pronator teres
Anterior Shaft: Flexor pollicis longus, Flexor digitorum superficialis
Posterior Shaft: Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis, Extensor indicis
Distal Radius: Brachioradialis, Pronator quadratus
ARTICULATION
Capitulum of humerus: Humeroradial joint
Radial notch of ulna: Proximal radioulnar joint
Head of ulna: Distal radioulnar joint
Scaphoid & lunate: Radiocarpal joint
SHAPE CLASSIFICATION
Long bone
Ulna
BONEY LANDMARKS
Olecranon process, coronoid process, trochlear notch, radial notch, ulnar tuberosity, supinator crest, shaft, Anterior, posterior & interosseous borders, Anterior, posterior & medial surfaces, ulnar head, ulnar styloid process
MUSCLE ATTACHMENTS
Olecranon: Triceps brachii, Anconeus, Flexor carpi ulnaris
Coronoid Process: Brachialis, Pronator teres, Flexor digitorum superficialis
Anterior Shaft: Flexor digitorum profundus
Posterior Shaft: Extensor pollicis longus, Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor indicis, Extensor carpi ulnaris
Distal Ulna: Pronator quadratus
Supinator crest: supinator
ARTICULATION
Humerus (trochlea): Humeroulnar joint
Radius (head): Proximal radioulnar joint
Radius (ulnar notch): Distal radioulnar joint
(Lunate & triquetrum via disc): Ulnocarpal region
SHAPE CLASSIFICATION
Long bone
Clavicle
BONEY LANDMARKS
Smooth superior surface, rough inferior surface, medial (sternal) two thirds convex anteriorly, lateral (acromial) third concave anteriorly, subclavian groove, articular facet for sternum & acromion, roughened impression for the costoclavicular ligament, coracoclavicular ligament attachment.
- Conoid tubercle
- Trapezoid line
MUSCLE ATTACHMENTS
Anterior surface of medial half: Pectoralis Major
Anterior border of lateral third: deltoid
Posterior border of lateral third: Trapezius
Subclavian groove (inferior surface): Subclavius
ARTICULATION
Acromion (Acromioclavicular joint)
Manubrium of 1st rib cartilage (Sternoclavicular joint)
SHAPE CLASSIFICATION
Long
Scapula
BONEY LANDMARKS
Medial, lateral & superior border, Inferior, superior & lateral angles, Suprascapular notch, Spine of scapula, Subscapula, infraspinous & supraspinous fossa, acromion, coracoid process, glenoid cavity, supraglenoid & infraglenoid fossa
MUSCLE ATTACHMENTS
Subscapular fossa: Subscapularis
Supraspinous fossa: Supraspinatus
Infraspinous fossa: Infraspinatus
Spine: Trapezius, Deltoid
Medial border: Levator scapulae, Rhomboid minor, Rhomboid major
Lateral border: Teres minor, Teres major
Inferior angle: Teres major
Supraglenoid tubercle: Biceps brachii (long head)
Infraglenoid tubercle: Triceps brachii (long head)
Coracoid process: Pectoralis minor, Biceps brachii (short head), Coracobrachialis
ARTICULATION
Humerus (Glenohumeral joint)
Clavicle (Acromioclavicular joint)
Thoracic wall (Scapulothoracic joint)
SHAPE CLASSIFICATION
Flat
Carpals
Proximal: Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
Distal: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
ARTICULATION
Radiocarpal
Mid carpal
Intercarpal
Metacarpals
Phalanges
