Joints

Question 1

Sternoclavicular

Answer 1

Bones: Sternum ↔ Clavicle

Type: Synovial saddle (functions like ball-and-socket)

Movements: Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, axial rotation

Question 2

Acromioclavicular

Answer 2

Bones: Acromion (scapula) ↔ Clavicle

Type: Synovial plane

Movements: Gliding, assists shoulder mobility

Question 3

Glenohumeral joint

Answer 3

Bones: Head of humerus ↔ Glenoid cavity of scapula

Type: Synovial ball-and-socket

Movements: Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, circumduction

Question 4

Scapulothoracic “Joint” (Functional Joint)

Answer 4

Bones: Scapula gliding over thoracic cage (no true articulation)

Type: Functional (not a synovial joint)

Movements: Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, rotation

Question 5

ELBOW JOINT (Humeroulnar Joint)

Answer 5

Humerus (trochlea) ↔ Ulna (trochlear notch)

Type: Synovial hinge

Movement: Flexion, extension

Question 6

ELBOW JOINT (Humeroradial Joint)

Answer 6

Humerus (capitulum) ↔ Radius (head)

Type: Synovial hinge

Movement: Flexion, extension (and rotation during pronation/supination)

Question 7

ELBOW JOINT (Proximal Radioulnar Joint)

Answer 7

Radius ↔ Ulna (radial notch)

Type: Synovial pivot

Movement: Pronation, supination

Question 8

Distal Radioulnar Joint

Answer 8

Radius ↔ Ulna (ulnar notch of radius ↔ head of ulna)

Type: Synovial pivot

Movement: Pronation, supination

Question 9

Radiocarpal Joint (Wrist Joint)

Answer 9

Radius ↔ Scaphoid & Lunate (via articular disc)

Type: Synovial ellipsoid (condyloid)

Movements: Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction

Question 10

Intercarpal Joints

Answer 10

Adjacent carpal bones

Type: Synovial plane

Movement: Small gliding motions

Question 11

Midcarpal Joint

Answer 11

Proximal ↔ Distal rows of carpals

Type: Synovial complex

Movement: Assists wrist motion

Question 12

Carpometacarpal Joints (CMC)

Answer 12

Distal carpals ↔ Metacarpals

Type:

1st CMC (thumb): Saddle → allows opposition

2nd–5th CMC: Plane joints

Movements: Vary by digit

Question 13

Metacarpophalangeal Joints (MCP)

Answer 13

Metacarpals ↔ Proximal phalanges

Type: Synovial condyloid

Movements: Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction

Question 14

Interphalangeal Joints (IP)

Answer 14

Digits 2–5: Each finger has:

Proximal Interphalangeal (PIP)

Distal Interphalangeal (DIP)

Thumb: Only one joint — Interphalangeal (IP)

Type: Synovial hinge

Movements: Flexion, extension