Bones Flashcards
(25 cards)
Epiphysis
Ends of bone
Articulate cartilage
Layer of hyaline cartilage cover epiphysis. Reduces friction and absorbs shock
Periosteum
Tough connective tissue sheath that provides blood supply. Protects, repairs, nourish and attach ligaments and tendons
Medullary cavity
In diaphysis. Contains yellow narrow
Endosteum
Thin layer that’s lines medullary cavity
Osteoprogenitor crll
Unspecified cells that can divide
Osteoblasts
Forms bone. Secretes collagen fibers for strength
Osteoclasts
Bone cell. Maintains cell activity
Osteoclasts
Bone breakers
Resorption
Breakdown of bone to repair bone
Epiphyseal line
Remnant of epiphyseal plate
Epiphyseal plate
Growth plate. Hyaline cartilage. In metaphysis
Compact bone
Protects, supports and resists stress by weight and movement
Spongy bone
Contains trabeculae. Filled with red bone marrow and produces blood cells
Canaliculi
Small canals in bone that connect lacunae
Diarthroses
Freely moveable joints
Amphiarthroses
Slightly moveable joints
Synarthroses
Immovable joints
PTH
Parathyroid gland. Stimulates osteoclasts to break bone and increase blood calcium level.
Low blood calcium level - PTH released Osteoclasts to break bone - calcium goes in blood stream
Calcitonin
Thyroid gland. High calcium levels stimulates osteoblasts for bone deposition.
High blood calcium levels - calcitonin release osteoblasts to form bone - calcium goes in bone and out of blood
Structural classification of joints
Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
Functional classification of joints
(Joint movement)
Synarthroses, amphiarthroses, diarthroses
Diaphysis
Bone shaft
Intramembranous ossification
Osteoblasts secret matrix - calcium/salts absorbed and matrixs hardens (calcifies) - trabeculea develops and forms spongy bone - development of periosteum
