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253 Final Exam > Bones and Joints of L.E > Flashcards

Bones and Joints of L.E Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

What does coxa stand for

A

Hip

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2
Q

What is the latin word for thigh

A

Femur

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3
Q

Genu = _____

A

Knee

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4
Q

Sura = ______

A

Calf

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5
Q

Talus = ____

A

Ankle

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6
Q

Pes = ____

A

Foot

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7
Q

Calx= ____

A

Heel

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8
Q

Planta = ____

A

Sole

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9
Q

Hallux = _____ ___

A

Large toe

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10
Q

What are the three innominate bones

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

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11
Q

What forms the acetabulum

A
  • Bodies of ilium, ischium, pubis
  • Acetabular fossa
  • Acetabular notch
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12
Q

What is the sit bone

A

The ischial tuberosity

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13
Q

Name the structures that pass through the greater sciatic notch

A

Piriformis
Superior/inferior gluteal vessels and nerve
Sciatic n.
Posterior femoral cutaneous n.
pudendal n.
nerve to obturator internus
nerve to quadratus femoris

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14
Q

Name the structures that pass through the lesser sciatic notch

A

Obturator internus
internal pudendal vessels
Pudendal n.
Nerve to obturator internus

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15
Q

What is the largest foramen in the body

A

Obturator foramen

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16
Q

The ________ becomes the gluteal tuberosity

A

lateral ridge of linea aspera

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17
Q

The ______ becomes the spiral line

A

Medial lip of the linea aspera

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18
Q

Which side of the patella falls flat on the table

A

The lateral side

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19
Q

In a squat, which direction does the fibular head glide

A

Anteriorly

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20
Q

Which joint in the LE is immovable

A

The inferior tibiofibular joint

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21
Q

Name the borders of the fibula in order from anterior to posterior

A

Anterior border
Interosseous border
Posterior border

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22
Q

Which muscle attaches onto the sesamoid bones of the big toe

A

The flexor hallucis brevis

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23
Q

How many phalanges are there

A

14

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24
Q

What is the only triaxial joint of the LE

A

The hip joint

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25
Coxa vara is when there is an angle of inclination ______ 120 degrees
Less than
26
The normal angle of inclination is ___
120 degrees - 135 degrees
27
Coxa valga is when there is an angle of inclination _____ 135 degrees
Greater than
28
With coxa vara there is typically genou ____
Valga
29
With coxa valga there is typically genou _____
Vara
30
Femoral anteversion =
Rotation of shaft, medial & lateral epicondyles rotated inwards
31
Femoral retroversion =
Rotation of shaft, medial & lateral epicondyles rotated outwards
32
Which muscle continues with the MCL
Adductor Magnus
33
Name the 4 extracapsular ligaments
MCL LCL Oblique popliteal ligament Patellar ligament
34
What structure is the MCL attached to
The medial meniscus
35
Which muscles help the MCL with medial stability of the knee
Sartorius Gracilis semitendinosus
36
Which ligament in the knee is thin, round and short
LCL
37
Which ligament in the knee is long and flat
MCL
38
What structure separates the LCL and the popliteus muscle
A bursa
39
What 3 structures aid the LCL in lateral stabilization of the knee
Tendon of biceps femoris Tendon of popliteus Iliotibial tract
40
What ligament branches off from the LCL
The Anterolateral ligament (ALL)
41
What are the two intracapsular ligaments
ACL and PCL
42
Which direction does the ACL go in
Posteriorly/superiorly to lateral femoral condyle
43
What movement does the ACL prevent
Internal tibial rotation and anterior glide off tibia on femur Also limits hyperextension of the knee
44
T/F the ACL is thicker than the PCL
False, the PCL is thicker
45
Which direction does the PCL go
Anteriorly/superiorly to medial femoral condyle
46
Which movement does the PCL prevent
Excessive tibial rotation and posterior glide of the tibia
47
In which action is the PCL very important
When walking down stairs
48
What are the functions of the menisci
Deepens condylar surfaces Cushions, shock absorber Facilitates lubrication
49
What are the horns of the menisci attached to
Intercondylar eminence
50
what shape is the medial meniscus
C shaped
51
What shape is the lateral meniscus
Round
52
T/F the menisci are very vascular
False, they are avascular because of fibrocartilage
53
What 4 structures strengthen the joint capsule
Oblique popliteal ligament, arcuate popliteal ligament Medial patellar retinaculum, lateral patellar retinaculum
54
Name the 3 patellar knee bursae
Prepatellar bursa Suprapatellar bursa Infrapatellar bursa
55
Which bursa of the knee is the most problematic in contact sports
The prepatellar bursa
56
What type of joint is the talocrural joint
hinge
57
What bones form the talocrural joint
talus, tibia, fibula
58
How many degrees of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion does the talocrural joint do
20 degrees of dorsiflexion and 50 degrees of plantarflexion
59
How many degrees of abduction does the talocrural joint do
16 degrees
60
What is the true ankle joint
The talocrural joint
61
What two joints form the ankle joint
talocrural talocalcaneal
62
what type of joint is the talocalcaneal joint
gliding
63
Which bones form the talocalcaneal joint
Talus and calcaneus
64
What actions does the talocalcaneal joint do
inversion and eversion
65
How many degrees of supination and pronation does the talocalcaneal joint do
Supination: 45 - 60 degrees Pronation: 15 to 30 degrees
66
Which actions create supination of the foot
Plantarflexion, inversion & forefoot adduction
67
Which actions create pronation of the foot
Dorsiflexion, eversion & forefoot abduction
68
What are the lateral ligaments of the foot
Anterior talofibular Posterior talofibular Calcaneofibular
69
What are the deltoid ligaments
Anterior/ posterior tibiotalar ligaments Tibiocalcaneal ligament Tibionavicular ligament
70
Which bones form the medial longitudinal arch
Calcaneus, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms, 1st 2nd 3rd metatarsal
71
Which bones form the lateral longitudinal arch
4th, 5th metatarsal, calcaneus, cuboid
72
What forms the transverse arch
Cuboid, cuneiform 1,2 and 3
73
The spring ligament is also called the __________
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
74
Where do the organs sit
In the lesser true pelvis
75
What is another name for the upper pelvic aperture
Pelvic inlet
76
What are the borders of the lesser true pelvis
From sacral promontory to the symphysis pubis
77
What is another name for lower pelvic aperture
Pelvic outlet
78
What shape is the lesser true pelvis
diamond shaped
79
What are the dimensions of the lesser true pelvis
From arcuate pubic ligament to the tip of coccyx posteriorly
80
What is the lateral border of the lesser true pelvis
by ischial tuberosities

253 Final Exam (6 decks)

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