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253 final exam > Vertebae And Intervertebral Discs > Flashcards

Vertebae And Intervertebral Discs Flashcards

1
Q

How many cervical vertebraes are there?

A

7

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2
Q

How many thoracic lumbar sacral and coccygeal vertebraes are there

A

Thoracic:12
Lumbar: 5
Sacral:5
Coccygeal: 4

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3
Q

How many total vertebrae and vertebral bones are there

A

33 vertebrae
26 bones

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4
Q

In what order are the curves of the spine

A

Lordotic, kyphotic, lordotic, kyphotic

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5
Q

How many intervertebral discs are there

A

23

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6
Q

Where is the first intervertebral disc found

A

Between C2 and C3

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7
Q

What are intervertebral discs made from

A

Fibrocartilage

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8
Q

What type of joints are intervertebral joints

A

Amphiarthrosis Cartilaginous Symphysis

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9
Q

Where is the last intervertebral disc found

A

Between L5 and S1

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10
Q

T/F there is an intervertebral disc between C1 and C2

A

False, there is no disc because of the dens

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11
Q

What vertebral curvature allows head extension

A

Cervical lordosis

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12
Q

What curvature does a newborns spine have

A

Newborn kyphosis (in flexion)

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13
Q

Which curvature does becoming upright promote

A

Lumbar lordosis

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14
Q

What type of curves are PRIMARY curves

A

Kyphotic curves

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15
Q

What type of curves are SECONDARY curves

A

Lordotic curves

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16
Q

By which age do spinal curves set

A

Age 10

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17
Q

What positions are fundamental development

A

Supine
Prone
Rolling
Quadruped
Crawling

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18
Q

What are the transitional postures

A

Sitting
Kneeling
Squatting

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19
Q

What are the functional positions

A

Vertical stance
Gait

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20
Q

What is the weight bearing part of the vertebra

A

The body (centrum)

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21
Q

Where does the spinal cord pass

A

Vertebral foramen

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22
Q

What forms the vertebral arch

A

Lamina and pedicles

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23
Q

Which vertebra are often bifid

A

C2-C6

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24
Q

Which cervical vertebrae is most prominent

A

C7

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25
Q

What is another name for C1

A

Atlas

26
Q

Which vertebrae has no body and no spinous process

A

C1

27
Q

C1 does the ____ motion and C2 does the ___ motion

A

Yes, No

28
Q

What part of C2 is unique to this vertebra

A

Dens

29
Q

What type of joint is the Atlanto-Axial joint

A

Diarthrosis synnovial pivot

30
Q

Which part of the atlanto-axial joint could be damaged during whiplash

A

The transverse ligament

31
Q

Which vertebrae articulate with the ribs

A

Thoracic

32
Q

What movement does the T spine do

A

Rotation

33
Q

In which plane are the facet joints in the lumbar vertebrae

A

In the sagittal plane

34
Q

What movement does the lumbar spine do

A

Flexion/ extension

35
Q

What age does the sacrum fully fuse by

A

30

36
Q

What formed the median sacral crest

A

Spinous processes

37
Q

The fusion of the ___________ is what formed the alae

A

transverse processes

38
Q

Which level does the spinal n. end

A

L1/L2

39
Q

What level is the sacral hiatus

A

S5

40
Q

The Sacroiliac joint is a __________

A

Diarthrosis synnovial gliding joint

41
Q

Which process resumes regular height overnight

A

Osmosis

42
Q

Spondylosis is the ___

A

Permanent thinning of disc

43
Q

What retains the nucleus pulposus

A

The annulus fibrosis

44
Q

The nucleus pulposus equalizes ____

A

Stress

45
Q

In a degenerated disc, the _____ is lost

A

cushion effect

46
Q

What is a pre-herniated disc

A

A bulging disc

47
Q

A thinning disc happens with __ and ____ reabsorb water

A

age, doesn’t

48
Q

Spondylolysis

A

Fractured pars interarticularis

49
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

Complete break of pars interarticularis

50
Q

The ______ _______ runs between laminae

A

ligamentum flavum

51
Q

What does the interspinous ligament fill

A

The gaps between the spinous processes

52
Q

Which ligament runs on top of the ligamentum nuchae

A

Supraspinous ligament

53
Q

Which ligament limits side bending

A

intertransverse ligament

54
Q

Which spinal ligament is inside the canal

A

Posterior longitudinal ligament

55
Q

Which vertebra is also known as the vertebra prominens

A

C7

56
Q

T2 is the level of the ___ angle of the scapula

A

Superior

57
Q

T7 is the ___ angle of the scapula

A

Inferior

58
Q

Both iliac crests form an imaginary line across ___________

A

L4/L5

59
Q

the PSIS forms a line across __

A

S2

60
Q

What area on the back is used to listen to the lungs

A

The triangle of auscultation

253 final exam (6 decks)

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