Flashcards in bones & joints Deck (23)
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1
describe a bone
there are 2 epiphysis, one is the head, and a diaphysis (shaft) in between
there is a marrow cavity in the diaphysis
there is an epiphyseal plate in between the diaphysis and both epiphysis
compact bones surrounds the marrow cavity and cancellous bone
periosteum surrounds most of the bones with the exception where there is articular cartilage
2
what are the 3 classifications of joint?
synovial
fibrous
cartilaginous
3
describe a synovial joint
extensive movement
smooth cartilage
synovial fluid in capsule
eg. shoulder, knee
4
describe a fibrous joint
no synovial cavity
joint held together by dense CT eg. skull
5
describe a cartilaginous joint
no synovium
little movement held together by cartilage eg. pelvis
6
describe the components in a synovial joint
bones:
articular (hyaline) cartilage
marginal (fibro) cartilage
synovial fluid
joint capsule
ligaments:
musculotendinous support
tendons
muscles to move joint
7
where do fibrous joints occur?
sutures of skull-no movement
syndesmoses
greater distance between articular surface
more dense CT
distal tibia & fibula
8
where do cartilaginous joints occur?
pelvis, sternum, ribs
bone ends covered by hyaline cartilage, disc of fibrocartilage in between
9
describe the vertebral column
cervical
C1-C7
thoracic
T1-T12
lumbar
L1-L5
sacrum
5 segments
10
what are the 2 parts of the sternum?
sternum manubrium
sternum body
11
what is the joint between the sternum and clavicle?
sterno-clavicular joint
12
what is the joint between the clavicle and shoulder?
acromio-clavicular
13
what are the pubic bones?
iliac
superior pubic ramus
pubic
inferior pubic ramus
ischium
14
what is the upper arm bone?
humerus
15
what is the shoulder bone?
scapula
16
what is the glenoid fossa?
shoulder socket
17
what are the lower arm bones?
radius and ulna
18
describe the bones of the hand
8 carpal bones
5 metacarpals
14 phalanges (fingers)
19
describe the femur joint -hip
femoral head
neck
greater tuberosity
lesser tuberosity
acetabulum-socket
20
describe the knee
femus
femoral condyle medial
femoral condyle lateral
patella
tibia
fibula
21
describe the ankle
tibia-> medial malleolus
fibula-> lateral malleolus
talus
22
what is the heel bone?
calcaneus
23
